To study the chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the aerial parts of Ficus tikoua,a folk medicine of Tujia nationality.Its ethanol extract was separated and purified using silica gel column chromatography,gel column chromatography,macroporous resin column chromatography combined with semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography and other methods.The structure of the compounds was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,mass spectrometry and other methods,and seventeen compounds were separated.These compounds were identified as alpinumisoflavone (1),(+)-catechin (2),nodakenin (3),psoralen (4),bergapten (5),(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6),(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (7),(-)-isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8),ssioriside (9),huazhongilexin (10),(+)-isolariciresinol (11),(7R,8S)-3,5′-dimethoxy-4′,7-epoxy-8,3′-neolignane-5,9,9′-triol (12),6,7-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid (13),ethy-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (14),bluemenol A (15),3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy diphenyl (16),ethyl chlorogenate (17).Compounds 1-4,6-17 were isolated from this plant for the first time.Three indicators of DPPH radical scavenging rate,total antioxidant capacity,and superoxide anion scavenging capacity were used to determine the antioxidant activity of 17 compounds.The results show that lignans 9,10,and polyphenols 13,14,16 have significant DPPH free radical scavenging ability and total antioxidant ability,and their antioxidant activity is equivalent to that of ascorbic acid at the same concentration.