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Advances in chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Polygonati Rhizoma LIU Shuang, HU Shu-ting, JIA Qiao-jun, LIANG Zong-suo NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (10): 1783-1796.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.10.019 Abstract （1642）      PDF（pc） （1406KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save Polygonati Rhizoma belongs to the Polygonatum Mill. in the Liliaceae family.It is used as a Chinese drug with rhizomes,with the functions of tonifying the spleen,moisturizing the lungs,and invigorating qi.Polygonati Rhizoma is not only a precious nourishing medicine in the past dynasties,but also a medicinal material with the same origin of medicine and food.This paper provides a summary of the research advances on chemical compositions,pharmacological effects and product application of P. sibiricum,P. kingianum,and P. cyrtonema recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2020,and lays the foundation for further exploration of Polygonati Rhizoma. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on network pharmacology and molecular docking of Hanchuanzupa granules in treating COVID-19 FAN Chen-yang, MA Xuan, JI Zhi-hong, LI Ke-ao, ZHOU Wen-ting NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (增刊1): 93-99.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.S.011 Abstract （1380）      PDF（pc） （2043KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the potential active components of Hanchuanzupa granules against COVID-19 through network pharmacology and molecular docking.The components and targets of Hanchuanzupa granules were collected from TCMSP database and published articles,and the human genes were searched in UniProt database,then the targets of COVID-19 were obtained by NCBI and GeneCards database.Drug-component-target network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2,gene ontology function (GO) and KEGG signal pathway were analyzed by R x64 3.6.2,and the key active components were docked with SARS-CoV-2 3CL and ACE2.As a result,112 active components and 235 targets were selected,133 signal pathways were gained by GO and KEGG analysis(P<0.001).The results of molecular docking showed that the key active components such as isorhamnose and β-sitosterol had good binding ability with SARS-CoV-2 3CL and ACE2.This study shows that the key active components in Hanchuanzupa granules can regulate multiple signal pathways by binding to their target proteins to inhibit COVID-19. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research advance on the chemical constituents of Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit.and the pharmacological effects of hymecromone HU Yue, SUN Jing-meng, ZHANG Wei-yu NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (9): 1616-1625.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.9.019 Abstract （1362）      PDF（pc） （1299KB）（83）       Knowledge map    Save Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit.is a perennial herb of the Compositae family,which has the same medicinal and food effects.In traditional Chinese medicine,the dried aerial parts are used to treat diseases,and have the effects of clearing heat and dampness,reducing jaundice,and protecting the liver.At present,the chemical components identified from A. scoparia can be divided into coumarins,volatile oils,flavonoids,organic acids and fatty acids.Modern studies have shown that the hymecromone in A. scoparia has a wide range of pharmacological activities.It has pharmacological effects such as choleretic,antispasmodic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory.It is also anti-tumor,anti-liver fibrosis and treatment chronic myeloid leukemia and other diseases play an important role.This article mainly summarizes the chemical components of A. scoparia and summarizes the pharmacological effects of hymecromone,in order to provide references for the in-depth research,development and clinical application of A. scoparia and hymecromone. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in the treatment of osteoporosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking LIU Xing-xing, GUO Yi-kun, AI Qi, LI Yan, WANG Li-suo, ZHAO Chuan-wei, PAN Li NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (9): 1593-1602.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.9.017 Abstract （1349）      PDF（pc） （3057KB）（105）       Knowledge map    Save To analyze the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in treating osteoporosis (OP) based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking.The acquisition of potential chemical component and target prediction of Liuwei Dihuang Pills was carried out through the TCMSP database.TTD,Disgenet,and GeneCards database were adopted to forecast and filtrate the gene related to osteoporosis,and Cytoscape 3.7.0 software was used to build TCM-chemical compound - targets - disease visualization network.The construction of protein interaction network was carried out in virtue of the String data platform,and Metascape database was used to analyze the role access of GO and KEGG.Finally,the AutoDock4.2.6 software was used to verify the molecular docking between the selected chemical component and the core target spots.In the end,the results showed that the effective constituents of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in treating the osteoporosis are 69,the target spots are 125;the potential effective constituents mainly include quercetin,stigmasterol,kaempferol,diosgenin,etc.,and there are 32 core targes,such as AKT1,IL6,VEGFA,TP53,TNF,etc.;Liuwei Dihuang Pills activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway (HIF-1),tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3k-Akt) signaling pathway,Toll-like receptors signaling pathway and other signaling pathways through the key target spots,which involve the adjustment and control of RNA polymerase II promoter transcription and the cell apoptosis,the response and inflammatory response of cells to oxygen deficit,lipopolysaccharide,tumor necrosis factor,and other biological processes,to treat OP.The results of molecular docking show that quercetin,sitosterol and kaempferol,etc.have good binding activity with the key target spots such as AKT1,TP53 and IL6,etc.Liuwei Dihuang Pills prevents and treats OP by adjusting the bone metabolism,inflammatory response,cell proliferation and differentiation,etc.It has the characteristics of multi-component,multiple-targets and muti-pathway,which provide the new mentalities and threads for the further fundamental research and clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the molecular mechanism of Astragali Radix in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking ZHAO Meng-ya, JIANG Meng-bi, YANG Xin, ZHANG Hao-yu, LIU Yang, HUANG Gao, CHEN Lei-lei NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (9): 1582-1592.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.9.016 Abstract （1288）      PDF（pc） （2264KB）（133）       Knowledge map    Save To study the molecular mechanism of Astragali Radix for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,we used the active ingredients of Astragali Radix as an entry point,based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.Firstly,the active ingredients of Astragali Radix were screened by TCMSP.The potential targets of Astragali Radix chemical components were predicted by Swiss Target Prediction.GeneCards and CTD were used to screen out the related genes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,and obtain the potential targets of Astragali Radix for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Bioinformatics analysis of the potential targets were conducted to clarify the key targets.Secondly,molecular docking (SYBYL 2.1.1) was used to verify the degree of binding between key targets and the chemical components of Astragali Radix.Then,HE staining,Masson staining and ELISA were used to verify the results of network pharmacological enrichment analysis.Finally,through network pharmacology preliminary screening,29 signal pathways and 25 targets of Astragali Radix were obtained for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,among which the IL-17 signal pathway,EGFR signal pathway and HIF-1 signal pathway were disease-related pathways.And PTGS2,VEGFA,MMP-9,STAT3 and EGFR were the key targets.Through molecular docking,we found that the six chemical components in Astragali Radix had good combination with the five key targets.Both HE staining and Masson staining suggested that Astragali Radix and its active ingredient folic acid had therapeutic effect on bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in rats,and could reduce the degree of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in rats.ELISA showed that Astragali Radix and its active ingredient folic acid could reduce the expression of IL-17 and MMP-9 in serum of rats.This study clarified the key targets and main chemical components of Astragali Radix for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through network pharmacology,molecular docking and experimental verification,and provides new ideas and methods for the development of the effective components and mechanism of Astragali Radix for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Astragali Radix for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress on chemical constituents of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and its prevention and treatment of nervous and mental diseases ZHANG Hong, YANG Qing, CHEN Ying, ZHU Xiao-xin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (11): 1969-1981.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.11.020 Abstract （1269）      PDF（pc） （1148KB）（25）       Knowledge map    Save The traditional Chinese medicine Zanthoxyli Pericarpium is the dried and mature pericarps of the Rutaceae plant Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc.and Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.,rich in volatile oils,alkaloids,amides, flavonoids and their glycosides,coumarins,lignans and other ingredients.Zanthoxyli Pericarpium has a long history of clinical application in traditional Chinese medicine.Its main effects are warming and relieving pain,killing insects and relieving itching.In recent years,it has been found that Zanthoxyli Pericarpium has a significant effect on the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases.In particular,the pharmacological effects of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and its active ingredients in improving intelligence,strengthening brain,anti-depressive,treating Alzheimer's disease,and analgesia have received extensive attention.This article provides a comprehensive summary of the chemical components of the traditional Chinese medicine Zanthoxyli Pericarpium,its pharmacological effects in the central nervous system and related targets,in order to provide a scientific basis and reference for the clinical application of the traditional Chinese medicine Zanthoxyli Pericarpium to prevent and treat neurological mental diseases. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chemical composition,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of volatile oil from Turpiniae Folium LIU Zhao, LI Li, TANG Yang-qiannan, LIN Li-mei, XIA Bo-hou NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (5): 723-738.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.5.001 Abstract （1239）      PDF（pc） （1410KB）（14）       Knowledge map    Save Turpiniae Folium is widely used as a functional food or medicine in China.However,little investigations are performed on the chemical composition and biological activity of its volatile oil.In this work,Turpiniae Folium oil extracts (Supercritical extraction) were systematically characterized for the first time.The low polar substances were identified by GC-MS (methyl esterification and non-methylesterification),and LC-MS method was applied to conduct analysis of the intermediate polar substances.Also,the anti-oxidant (DPPH and ABTS method) and anti-inflammatory (LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model) activity of the oil from Turpiniae Folium were performed.80 chemical components were identified by GC-MS (38 for non-methyl esterification and 42 for methyl esterification,respectively),most of which were linoleic acid,γ-sitosterol,squalene,2,2′-methylenebis-(4-methyl -6-tert-butylphenol),trans-9-octadecenoic acid,palmitic acid and other substances.In the positive and negative ion mode of LC-MS,a total of 256 compounds were identified,most of which were terpenes,phenylpropanoids,phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids,coumarins and their derivatives,fatty acyls,semi-terpenoids,fatty acids and other compounds.Moreover,the volatile oil from Turpiniae Folium had good ability to resist DPPH and ABTS free radicals,and could significantly inhibit the release of NO and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner.Generally,these results proved the anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,and immunoregulatory effects of the volatile oil from Turpiniae Folium,thus providing a reference for the application of PVO as a food or drug. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress in application and mechanism of Danshen in the prevention and treatment of liver disease YIN Ai-wu, GAO Peng-fei NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (6): 1057-1062.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.6.020 Abstract （1235）      PDF（pc） （598KB）（124）       Knowledge map    Save Danshen is the dry roots and rhizomes of perennial herbs of Labiatae plants of Salvia miltiorrhiza Beg. It had been found that Danshen had showed better effects for the prevention and treatment of cholestatic liver damage,immune liver damage,liver fibrosis,liver cancer and drug-induced liver injury in clinical and pharmacological studies.It was reviewed in this article that the applications and mechanism studies of Danshen for the prevention and treatment of liver disease, which will be helpful for the developing of liver-protecting drugs from Danshen and providing guidelines for clinical rational drug use. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Therapeutic effect of Yunnan Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus extracts on hyperuricemia model in mice ZHANG Wei, CHEN Xue-jie, LIU Rong, SHEN Lei, TIAN Xin-yan , JIANG Bei NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (9): 1463-1469.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.9.003 Abstract （1198）      PDF（pc） （1813KB）（69）       Knowledge map    Save The objective of this paper is to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Yunnan Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus (YN-DJF) on hyperuricemia (HUA) models in mice.The HUA models in mice were established by i.g. oxygen oxazine acid potassium and adenine,and the therapeutic effect of 4 YN-DJF extracts,including water extract,alcohol extract,and the water extracts with two different deionization treatments,were evaluated.After 14 days of continuous administration,the contents of UA,Cr,and BUN in serum,the XOD activity of liver tissue,and the level of IL-1β and TNF-α in kidney were tested,and the pathological structure changes of renal tissue were observed.The results showed that,compared with the model groups,4 YN-DJF extracts performed different therapeutic levels by reducing the content of UA,Cr,and BUN,suppressing XOD activity,reducing IL-1β and TNF-α level,and alleviating pathological structural changes.Alcohol extract of YN-DJF was the most effective among all extracts.It proved that extracts of YN-DJF could be applied to treat HUA mouse by improving renal function,suppressing XOD activity,and anti-inflammatory effects. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Antidepressant effect and mechanism of the essential oil from Pelargonium graveolens and Ocimum basilicum L. LIU Xiao-sheng, WANG Yu-ling, MA Rui-jun, DIAO Yuan-ming, ZHANG Jie-wen, WU Qing-han NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (11): 1829-1835.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.11.003 Abstract （1189）      PDF（pc） （896KB）（59）       Knowledge map    Save To study the antidepressant effect and mechanism of the essential oil (EO) from Pelargonium graveolens and Ocimum basilicum L..In this study,the model of “behavioral despair and depression” was established by using mouse tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST),and then the immobility time of the model mice was measured.PC12 cells were injured by corticosterone (CORT) to establish stress injury model,and MTT assay was used to detect cell viability.The antidepressant effect and mechanism of EO from P. graveolens and O. basilicum were studied.The results showed that in the two “behavioral despair and depression” model tests,compared with the normal control group,each experimental dose group (0.24,0.36,0.48 mL/kg) of the two EO could effectively shorten the immobility time of depression model mice.However,in CORT stress injury cell model test,the cell survival rate of the model group decreased obviously,and the cell synapses contracted.When two kinds of EO were given,the cell survival rate was significantly improved,and the synapses were recovered.In addition,it was found that PI3K/Akt and PKA signal pathway inhibitor could significantly reduce the protective effect of geranium and basil essential oil against corticosterone.The above results indicated that EO have certain antidepressant effects,and their neuroprotective effects may be mediated by PI3K/Akt and PKA signaling pathways. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Correlation analysis of flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. YANG Yue, FENG Jing-wen, CHEN Hong-ping, LIU You-ping NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (11): 1809-1817.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.11.001 Abstract （1141）      PDF（pc） （736KB）（45）       Knowledge map    Save To compare the content of flavonoids and the antioxidant activity difference of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. from different places of production,the correlation between flavonoids and antioxidant activity is explored.Taking Z. armatum from 21 producing areas as the materials,this paper establishes a method to simultaneously determine the contents of four types of flavonoids (inculding rutinum,hyperoside,isoquercitrin,quercitrin) with HPLC,test the content of total flavonoids by adopting spectrophotometry,evaluate its antioxidant activity through DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging tests,and analyzes and explores the correlation between flavonoids and antioxidant activity combined with product-moment coefficient of correlation.The established method is simple and accurate which can be used in testing the contents of four types of flavonoids in Z. armatum;there are obvious differences in the content of flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of Z. armatum from different places;according to the correlation analysis results,it can be seen that the total flavonoids and rutinum are significantly negative to the EC50 of both DPPH and ABTS clearance.Therefore,total flavonoids and rutinum can be used as indicators to evaluate the antioxidant capability of Z. armatum.This study provides an experimental basis for the antioxidant activity research of Z. armatum and a reference for the development of its health derivatives. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by leaf polysaccharides of Ficus carica DENG Jia-li, LI Xiao, AN Yu-yan, LIN Ze-kun, WANG Liang-ju NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (8): 1282-1291.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.8.003 Abstract （1137）      PDF（pc） （1850KB）（77）       Knowledge map    Save In order to elucidate the anti-cancer effects of polysaccharides in fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves,three fig varieties,‘Brunswick’,‘Masui Dauphine’ and ‘Bo Jihong’ were used in the experiments.The polysaccharides were extracted from fig leaves which were harvested from July to November and their inhibitory effects on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were investigated.It was found that all examples exhibited a certain inhibitory effect on SGC-7901 cells,among which,the leaf polysaccharide of ‘Brunswick’ in September was the most effective,with an inhibition of 46.67% at a dosage of 2 mg/mL.Using the leaf polysaccharides of ‘Brunswick’ in this period for the following experiments,it was found that the cycle of cancer cells was significantly blocked by different concentrations of polysaccharides.The content of ROS and the rate of apoptosis were significantly promoted after polysaccharide treatments.The expressions of pro-apoptotic genes Bax and p53 were up-regulated at the mRNA level,while that of anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and cell cycle-related genes,including Cyclins and CDKs,were down-regulated.The above results indicate that the polysaccharides from fig leaves can increase the apoptotic gene expressions of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells,depress that of anti-apoptotic genes,stimulate cellular ROS burst,block cell proliferation,and stimulate cell apoptosis.These findings provide theoretical basis for utilization of fig leaf polysaccharides for anti-cancer medicine. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Network pharmacological mechanism and molecular targets of Shenling Baizhu Powder in treating colorectal cancer TIAN Ting-ting, LIU Xuan, YE Tao, YANG Zhu, LONG Feng-xi, WU Wen-yu, TANG Dong-xin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (8): 1401-1414.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.8.016 Abstract （1094）      PDF（pc） （1856KB）（75）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the mechanism of Shenling Baizhu Powder(SLBZP) in the treatment of colorectal cancer.Using the method of network pharmacology,the active ingredients of SLBZP were collected and screened through the TCMSP database and the targets were obtained.The GEO database was screened to obtain differentially expressed genes between CRC patients and healthy individuals as the relevant targets of CRC.Cytoscape software was used to construct a network of drug components and disease targets.Bisogenet was used to construct a protein interaction (PPI) network to identify candidate targets for SLBZP acting on CRC.Through gene ontology (GO) function enrichment,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was used for biological functions and pathway enrichment of core genes.Cytoscape software was used to constructs a target-pathway network and screen key target genes according to degree.Through analysis,165 core targets of SLBZP for the treatment of CRC were found,and it was found that the functional annotation of core targets was related to transcription factor activity,protein stability regulation,and ubiquitin protein ligase binding.Twenty pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,PD-L1/PD-1 pathway,and viral carcinogenesis are all significantly enriched.AKT1,TP53,PIK3R1 are the core genes,and MAPK3,NFKB1,CCND1,MAPK1,RELA, CDKN1A,MYC,STAT3,MDM2,JUN,RB1,etc.are the key genes for the treatment of CRC in the SLBZP network pathway.In summary,the therapeutic effect of SLBZP on CRC may be related to specific biological processes and related pathways to regulate inflammatory responses and optimize the structure of intestinal flora to play a therapeutic role.Through network pharmacological analysis and evaluation,the complex mechanism and targets of SLBZP have been further revealed,which is of great significance to the treatment of CRC. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Biological characteristics of Pythium ultimum causing damping-off disease of Dendrobium officinale and the screening of antifungal plants against it TAN Zhi-yong, ZHOU Zhen-yu, YANG Wen-ming, LI Ya-juan, LU Zhi-hong NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1189-1195.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.012 Abstract （1058）      PDF（pc） （1567KB）（11）       Knowledge map    Save The biological characteristics of Pythium ultimum causing damping-off disease of Dendrobium officinale and the screening of antifungal plants against P. ultimum were studied to lay a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of damping-off disease of D. officinale. The inhibitory effect and biological characteristics of aqueous extracts of different Chinese herbal medicines on the  P. ultimum were determined by mycelium growth rate method.The average mycelial growth rate of the  P. ultimum on the PDA medium was 0.22 cm/h.The optimum temperature was 30 °C,the optimum pH was 6-7,the optimum carbon source were glucose and soluble starch,and the optimum nitrogen source was yeast extract. The light has no significant impact on the growth of mycelium. When the concentration of aqueous extract was 40 mg DW/mL,the inhibition rates of aqueous extract of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. and Mentha haplocalyx Briq. were 100% and 96.48%,respectively. The water extracts of E. caryophyllata and M. haplocalyx have good application potential in the control of Dendrobium officinale damping-off disease. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on the quality marker of Urticae Rhizoma CHEN Yan, LI Xiao-bo, JIA Yi-ping, HU Hai, WANG Meng-yue NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (12): 2099-2106.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.12.015 Abstract （1034）      PDF（pc） （913KB）（13）       Knowledge map    Save Urticae Rhizoma is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine.However,its quality evaluation research has not been reported yet.This research is the first study on the quality marker of Urticae Rhizoma.Firstly,the biological activity of urticoside,the main and characteristic component of Urticae Rhizoma,was investigated.The result indicated that urticoside had the significant anti-inflammatory,anti-complement,and antioxidant activities.Subsequently,a systematic study of the spectral characteristics of urticoside,by using UV,HR-MS,NMR,FT-IR,and CD technologies,was carried out.As results,the UV,IR,and CD spectral data of urticoside were supplemented;the determination solvents had the significant effects on NMR and UV spectra.Finally,the contents of urticoside in Urticae Rhizoma were determined by HPLC method.The determination results revealed that the contents of urticoside in different species of Urticae Rhizoma were very different,and urticoside could be used as the quality marker of Urticae Rhizoma. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on active fraction screening and chemical constituents of Yao Medicine Callicarpa longissima fruits ZOU Zhi-qi, YU Ling-ling, PAN Zheng-hong, , NING De-sheng, FU Yu-xia, LI Lian-chun NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (11): 1865-1870.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.11.007 Abstract （1025）      PDF（pc） （607KB）（13）       Knowledge map    Save To screen the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative active fractions from fruits of Callicarpa longissima and study its chemical constituents.The activities of different fractions and compounds from fruits of C. longissima were evaluated by the inhibition of NO production and the multiple antioxidant methods including FRAP,ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging.The compounds were isolated and purified from the active fractions by using various chromatography techniques including silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,MCI,HPLC and recrystallization,and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods.The results showed that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of the ethyl acetate fraction were stronger than others.Nine compounds,obtained from active fractions,were identified as two flavonoids:chrysosplenetin (1) and pachypodol (2);and seven diterpene phenols:carnosol (3),rosmanol (4),7-methoxyrosmanol (5),7-ethoxyrosmanol (6),carnosic acid-11-methylether (7),rosmadial (8),20-deoxocarnosol (9),respectively.Compounds 3,4,6 were the main compounds,and 1,2,5-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds 1-9 have anti-inflammatory effects,among which compounds 3, 4 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of components of raw and wine-processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus based on multivariate statistical analysis LI Huan-ru, FENG Zhi-yi, ZHAO Di, HU Yan-ping, LI Ke, FENG Su-xiang NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (1): 102-113.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.1.014 Abstract （1009）      PDF（pc） （1792KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of wine processing on the chemical components of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,UPLC-Orbitrap-MS technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to study the differential chemical components of raw Ligustri Lucidi Fructus(RLLF) and wine-processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus(WLLF).The molecular network technology,principal component analysis (PCA) model and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model were used to select the main chemical components that showed differences before and after the wine processing of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.A total of 42 compounds were identified,and the results showed that there were obvious distinction between RLLF and WLLF.Twenty-two chemical components showing differences before and after wine processing were selected out by OPLS-DA with VIP>1 before and after wine processing.In this study,a new data processing strategy was established to systematically identify the chemical components of RLLF and WLLF,and to select the different components before and after wine processing of RLLF,which provided a solid foundation for further study on the material basis and principle of enhancing the efficiency of wine processing of RLLF. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the mechanism of action of Folium Mori-Flos Chrysanthemi on hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking GUO Jin-chen, WANG Jing, SUN Yu-jie, FENG Ye NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (5): 847-858.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.5.017 Abstract （972）      PDF（pc） （2432KB）（138）       Knowledge map    Save This study aims to explore the potential molecular mechanism of Folium Mori-Flos Chrysanthemi(FM-FC) on the treatment of hypertension by network pharmacology and molecular docking methods.Firstly,the gene chip data was downloaded from GEO database,differentially expressed genes were screened with R language limma package,the effective components and corresponding target proteins of FM-FC were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database(TCMSP),the intersection targets of drugs and diseases were extracted with Venn software,the construction of "compound-target" network and visual analysis were completed by Cytoscape3.7.2 software,the protein network interaction and topology analysis of key targets were performed by Bisogenet and CytoNCA plug-ins.Then,David database and R language clusterProfiler package were used for GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of key targets.Finally,the results of active components and key targets were verified by AutoDock Vina software.The results showed that FM-FC acted on 41 targets of hypertension,156 core target information was revealed by topological analysis.A total of 80 enrichment results including 52 biological processes,13 molecular functions and 15 cell composition were obtained through GO analysis.KEGG pathway analysis found 39 items,involving IL-17 signal pathway,fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis signal pathway,TNF signal pathway,etc.The molecular docking results showed that quercetin and luteolin were components that docked well with key targets.We have revealed preliminarily that FM-FC exerts a hypotensive effect through the synergistic effect of "multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway" in this study,which will lay a foundation for further study of its material basis and mechanism of action. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Inhibitory effect of citrus flavonoids on trypsin activity and preliminary study on its mechanism LI Ji-wei, KE Ao, LI Wei-wei, QIU Shi-wen, YAN Jing NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (10): 1735-1740.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.10.014 Abstract （971）      PDF（pc） （812KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of citrus flavonoids on the catalytic activity and kinetic parameters of trypsin were studied.The results showed that citrus flavonoids had obvious inhibitory effect on trypsin,and the inhibition showed concentration effect.At 37 ℃,the inhibitory rate of 0.66 mg/mL citrus flavonoids against trypsin was 29.9%.The inhibition belonged to the mixed inhibition type of competitive and non-competitive inhibition.The fluorescence spectra showed that citrus flavone (naringin) quenched the endogenous fluorescence of trypsin in a static quenching mode.At room temperature (293 K),the binding constant Ka was 1.1×106 L/mol,and the number of binding sites nwas 1.34.The thermodynamic parameters showed that hydrogen bond and van der Waals force played a dominant role in the interaction between trypsin and citrus flavonoids. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chemical constituents from Acanthus leucostachyus and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities JIA Hui-zhen, SUN Peng, LU Jian-mei, WU Min, XU You-kai NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (3): 407-412.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.3.007 Abstract （943）      PDF（pc） （579KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Save To study the chemical constituents from the whole herb of Acanthus lecucostachyus.Thirteen compounds (1-13) were isolated and purified by column chromatography on microporous resin,silica gel and SephadexLH-20.The structure of the compounds was identified by comparing their NMR,MS spectroscopic data with those in the literatures.These compounds were identified as 2-benzoxazolinone(1), 3-hydroxylacetyl-indole(2),catechol(3),vanillic acid(4),methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-benzoate(5),N-(2-hydroxyphenyl) formamide(6), carbazole(7),dibutyl phthalate(8),ethyl p-methoxy-trans-cinnamate(9),ethyl cinnamate(10),stigmasterol(11),3-hydroxy-4-methoxypyridine(12),stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(13).All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time,in addition,compound 7 was found in the genus Acanthus for the first time.All isolates were evaluated for antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical scavenging method and anti-inflammatory activities by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced mouse monocyte macrophage RAW 264.7 to generate NO inflammatory model.Among those compounds,compound 3 showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 105.18 μM;Compounds 3,6 and 9 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 18.49,22.84 and 41.22 μM,respectively. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Icaritin inhibits survival and migration of basal cell carcinoma cells through Hedgehog signaling pathway HU Wen-long, WU Ping-ping, LIU Ling-hua, LIU You-rao NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1091-1097.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.001 Abstract （932）      PDF（pc） （1692KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and its mechanism of icaritin on basal cell carcinoma cell line A431. A431 cells were treated with icaritin at different concentrations and/or GANT 61. The viability and migration of A431 cells were assayed by CCK-8 method and Transwell assay. The expression of Hedgehog,Smo,Gli1,Bcl-2,Bax and MMP-9 was detected by qPCR and Western blot. Flow cytometry and Caspase-3 activity assay were used to investigate the effects of icaritin and/or GANT 61 on apoptosis of cells. The results showed that,both icaritin and GANT 61 could significantly inhibit the viability of A431 cells,down-regulate the expression of Hedgehog,Smo,Gli1,Bcl-2,MMP-9 and up-regulate the expression of Bax,enhance the activity of Caspase-3 and mediated the apoptosis,inhibited the migration of A431 cells. However,icaritin could not enhance these effects on the basis of Gant 61. Icaritin could promote apoptosis and inhibit migration by Hedgehog signaling pathway in basal cell carcinoma cells. These results suggest that icaritin may promote the expression of apoptotic-related factors,and mediate the apoptosis,down-regulate the expression of MMP-9,and inhibit the migration of basal cell carcinoma cells mainly by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the mechanism of artesunatum-puerarin combination in interventing COVID-19 cardiovascular complications based on network pharmacology DENG Shuo-qiu, TIAN Ya, CHEN Li-na, SHEN Shuo, YANG Yuan-min, ZHANG Yu, QU Shui-qing, ZHENG Zhong-yuan, LIU Hui, WANG Xi, LI Hong-mei, LI Yu-jie NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (增刊1): 70-80.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.S.009 Abstract （920）      PDF（pc） （2665KB）（110）       Knowledge map    Save More than 50 million confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related cases have been reported across the world.There is high incidence of cardiovascular complication and a high mortality rate among patients.This study aims to predict and explore the potential pathways and mechanistic targets of artesunate-puerarin combination in the intervention of COVID-19 cardiovascular injury through network pharmacology and molecular docking.Firstly,the related targets of SARS-CoV 2 were collected from GenCards and UniProt.And the related targets of Artesunate and Puerarin were collected and predicted from TCMSP and Swiss target prediction.Secondly,protein-protein interaction of common targets was analyzed by STRING.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID.At last,Vina was used for molecular docking of compounds and key targets including ACE2,TMPRSS2,SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase and S protein.A total of 16 key targets were collected.GO enrichment analysis collected 100 biological processes,14 cell compounds and 32 molecular functions (P<0.05).According to the results,Artesunate and Puerarin may regulate the body processes through multiple targets and pathways.We predicted that,on the one hand,two monomer compositions may prevent the process of virus invasion and proliferation.On the other hand,they can also inhibit cytokine storm and protect cardiovascular from injury.Two compositions play a role on protection of COVID-19 cardiovascular damage.Based on these results,we obtained the potential protection mechanisms of Artesunate-Puerarin combination,which would laid a solid foundation for the subsequent development and research,and provide the basis for expanding clinical existing treatments and reference. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Extraction technology optimization of dietary fiber from Hippophae rhamnoides GUO Jing-jing, LI Ya-xuan, FAN Zi-yi, CHEN Xuan-tong, WANG Qi, FU Qun NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1181-1188.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.011 Abstract （910）      PDF（pc） （1138KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save In order to reuse the processing waste of forest resources,this experiment used Hippophae rhamnoides pomace as raw material,using ultrasonic-assisted enzyme method,and analyzed the effects of four factors,namely cellulase addition,ultrasonic temperature,ultrasonic time and material liquid ratio,on the extraction effect of dietary fiber.With the yield ratio of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) as the index,response surface methodology was used to analyze the extraction effect of dietary fiber.The results showed that the SDF/IDF was 0.21±0.01,and the swelling capacity and oil holding capacity of total dietary fiber (TDF) were 3.12±0.13 mL/g,（4.47±0.41）% respectively under the optimum conditions of 5% cellulase and ultrasonic treatment at 60℃ for 50 min.Therefore,ultrasonic-assisted enzyme method can effectively improve the extraction efficiency of products,and has certain significance for promoting the development and utilization of Hippophae rhamnoide by-product resources. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis on the difference of chemical constituents in Taxilli Herba from different host plants YUAN Jia-huan, WU Nan, WANG Wen-xin, CAI Zhi-chen, YIN Sheng-xin, CHEN Hai-jie, LIU Xun-hong, LI Li NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1119-1128.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.004 Abstract （887）      PDF（pc） （2804KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the influence of host plants regarding the synthesis and accumulation of metabolites in Taxilli Herba,Ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the differences of chemical constituents in Taxilli Herba from different host plants.Through the analysis of the multistage tandem mass spectrometry,the characteristic peaks were extracted with mass spectrometry data peak matching,peak alignment,and noise filtering.Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to analyze the data.The constituents were identified according to MS accurate mass and MS/MS spectrometry fragmentation information,combined with the software of database search,comparison with reference standards and literature.The results showed that the chemicals constituents in Taxilli Herba from 10 host plants were clearly distinguished.A total of 19 chemical constituents were screened and identified.Among them,4 common differential chemical constituents ((+)-Catechin,quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide,hyperoside,quercitrin) presented different changing laws.Our research may provide basic data for revealing the effect of host plants on the synthesis and accumulation of metabolites of Taxilli Herba and evaluating the quality of Taxilli Herba from different host plants. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the mechanism of ginger volatile oil in treating head wind disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology YAN Fei, GAO Jia-rong, ZHANG Xiao-fei, ZOU Jun-bo, JIA Yan-zhuo, WANG Wen-fei, SHI Ya-jun NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (6): 1032-1044.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.6.018 Abstract （870）      PDF（pc） （3194KB）（118）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the mechanism of ginger volatile oil in the treatment of head wind disease by the method of network pharmacology and molecular docking.The chemical composition of ginger volatile oil was determined by GC-MS.The targets of ginger volatile oil were predicted by TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction on-line analysis tools,and the targets of head wind disease were predicted by Drugbank,OMIM and DisGeNET database.Venn diagram was drawn to obtain the intersection of the two.The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using String database,and the intersection targets were visually analyzed by Cytoscape 3.7.2.The R language ClusterProfiler package was used for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.Finally,the molecular docking of the core targets related to head wind disease was carried out by using Discovery Studio 4.0.53 chemical constituents of ginger volatile oil were detected and 130 targets related to the treatment of head wind disease were predicted.1 361 enrichment items which may be related to the mechanism and 77 enrichment items which may be the pathway of ginger volatile oil in the treatment of head wind disease were obtained by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses respectively.The results of molecular docking showed that the core targets had strong affinity with 2,6,10-dodecatrienal,3,7,11-trimethyl-,(E, E)-,copaene and nerolidol.Ginger volatile oil may play a role in the treatment of head wind disease through APP,OPRM1,ADRA2A and other key targets,and through the regulation of Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,Ca2+ signaling pathway,Serotonergic synapse and other signal pathways.The treatment of head wind disease with ginger volatile oil is the result of multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway,which provides a theoretical basis for further research on the treatment of head wind disease with ginger volatile oil. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chemical constituents from Lycopodium fargesii and their anti-osteoporotic activity TENG Xi-feng, LIU Ya-lan, YANG Fei, WANG Hai-juan, HE Lin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (2): 226-231.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.2.007 Abstract （868）      PDF（pc） （554KB）（42）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate anti-osteoporosis active constituents of Lycopodium fargesii Hert.,the ethanol extracts of L. fargesii were isolated by silica gel,MCI,RP-18,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC methods.Eighteen compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction.Their structures were elucidated as α-onocerin(1),26-nor-8-oxo-α-onocerin(2),serrat-14-en-3β,21α,24-triol(3),serrat-14-en-3β,21β,24-triol(4),1,20-eicosanediol(5),tricosane(6),glycerolmonolinoleate(7),glyceryl linolentate(8),3-(4′-formylphenoxy)-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(9),apigenin(10),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(11),vanillic acid(12),3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid(13),2-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one(14),3-hydroxy-4-methoxyzimtaldehyde(15),8-acetoxy-5-hydroxyumbelliprenin(16),trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid(17) and decane-1-thiol(18) by analysis of their NMR and HR-ESI-MS data as well as by comparison with the literature reported data.Compounds 1-18 were isolated from L. fargesii for the first time.Compound 16 displayed significant anti-osteoclasts activity with IC50 value of 1.98 μM. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the differential changes of primary and secondary metabolites between green and ripe Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa fruits based on principal component analysis YANG Xing-jing, LIU Yan-ru , TANG Zhi-shu , SONG Zhong-xing, CHANG Bai-jin, ZHAO Yan-ting, ZHAO Meng-li NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (5): 824-835.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.5.011 Abstract （861）      PDF（pc） （3101KB）（14）       Knowledge map    Save In order to characterize the component differentiation from unripe and ripe Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa,the approach of mass spectrometric technology was adopted to make the coupled chemometric analysis in this experiment.Firstly,the ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) technology was utilized to identify the main components from the unripe and ripe fruits.In addition,32 of the primary and secondary metabolites from the two forms of fruits were characterized,and they were classified into 5 kinds of structures.Next,primary metabolites and secondary metabolites from these two forms of fruits were clustered and their varied components were derived via the principal component analysis (PCA).According to PCA analysis,the samples were divided into two categories and 10 of components were selected as the candidate variables to differentia those two forms of fruits.Then,the candidate components from the primary metabolites to secondary metabolites were enriched in their metabolite pathways and biosynthetic pathways via KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis.At the same time,the candidate components were determined by a mass spectrometry multiple reaction detection (MRM) based methodology.With a good linear relationship from 0.002 3 to 800.00 μg/mL (r<0.99),the average recoveries were 96.38%-104.15% with the RSDs of 1.16%-2.46% (n=6).According to the established methodology,the effects related components from two growing periods of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa were oleanolic acid and jujuboside B,which involved in triterpenoids pathways;the flavor-related components were catechin and epicatechin,which involved in flavonoids pathways. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on characteristic chromatogram and content determination of phenols and flavonoids of Viticis Negundo Fructus and Viticis Fructus LI Guo-wei, HE Jia-ying, LIU Xiao-han, QIU Yun-jing, ZHONG Chun-lin, WU Wen-ping, SUO Cai-xian, SUN Dong-mei NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2023, 35 (3): 379-386.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2023.3.003 Abstract （857）      PDF（pc） （1121KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the differences between Viticis Negundo Fructus and Viticis Fructus,the characteristic chromatogram and multi-index content determination method was established.Based on the UPLC characteristic chromatogram of Viticis Negundo Fructus, nine chemical components were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) then determined,which were protocatechuic acid A,protocatechualdehyde,4-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid,isoorientin,orientin,agnuside,vitex and isovitex.The determination of 15 batches of Viticis Negundo Fructus and 12 batches of Viticis Fructus showed that there were differences among these nine components.The means of protocatechuic acid,protocatechualdehyde,4-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid and agnuside for Viticis Negundo Fructus were higher than Viticis Fructus that isoorientin and orientin were lower,while vitexin and isovitexin were not detected in Viticis Fructus.The UPLC characteristic chromatogram combined with multi-index content determination was applied to compare the differernces between Viticis Negundo Fructus and Viticis Fructus,which provide a reference for their quality control and clinical medication. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Screening of anti-allergic components from Corni Fructus and their effects on RBL-2H3 cells degranulation ZHANG Ge-ke, LIU Xue, YANG Cheng, SUN Ya-juan NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1196-1203.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.013 Abstract （852）      PDF（pc） （1361KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save In the present study,the potential anti-allergic constituents in Corni Fructus were investigated. The anti-allergic components of Corni Fructus were preliminarily screened by hyaluronidase inhibition assay. The fractions with high hyaluronidase inhibition activity were further evaluated by the degranulation inhibition test of RBL-2H3 cells in vitro. The anti-allergic components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the petroleum ether extract of Corni Fructus (COPE) had a significantly anti-hyaluronidase activity with an IC50 value of 3.11 mg/mL. Four fractions with higher anti-hyaluronidase activity were separated by silica gel column chromatography,among which COPE-8 had a more significant inhibitory effect on RBL-2H3 cell degranulation in a dose-dependent manner and showed low cytotoxicity. After treatment with 20 μg/mL COPE-8,the histamine and β-hexosaminidase released from RBL-2H3 cells were reduced by 46% and 39%,respectively. The main active components in COPE-8 were α-amyrin,β-amyrin,and sclareol,by GC-MS analysis. These findings signpost that COPE-8 has remarkable anti-allergic activity and has potential application in the development of anti-allergic active substances. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Fingerprint analysis and Q-maker prediction of salt-fried Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex  LIU Xiao-lin, WU Wen-ping, PAN Li-ye, XING Ju-ling, GUAN Yong-he, YANG Xiao-dong, PANG Wei, LI Guo-wei NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (10): 1647-1656.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.10.002 Abstract （844）      PDF（pc） （2223KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save Salt-fried Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (SPCC) is a traditional Chinese medicine,22 batches of SPCC fingerprints were established,and four common components,3-O-ferulic acid,5-O-ferulic acid,berberine hydrochloride and phellodendrine hydrochloride,were identified.The analysis results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the differential component of different batches of SPCC was phellodendrine and berberine.Meanwhile,combined with the results of network pharmacological analysis,it was confirmed that berberine and phellodendrine were also the main active component of SPCC.Berberine and phellodendrine were the active components of SPCC which provided reference for the quality control of SPCC. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the chemical constituents of Cyperus papyrus DUAN Wen-lan, LOU Jia-hao, WANG Qiang, ZHAO Zi-yan, LAI Qi, PEI Shao-fei, ZENG Guang-zhi, YIN Jun-lin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (7): 1129-1136.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.7.007 Abstract （825）      PDF（pc） （588KB）（139）       Knowledge map    Save The aim of the research is to study the chemical components of Cyperus papyrus.Chromatographic techniques such as Sephadex LH-20,normal phase silica gel,MCI and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were adopted to isolate and purify the compounds,and the spectral methods were used to elucidate their structures.Nineteen compounds have been isolated from the petrol ether and ethyl acetate extraction sections of the methanol extract of C. papyrus including α-cyperone (1),cyperenoic acid (2),isopatchoulenol (3),3,4,8,8-tetramethyl-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-3a,7-methanoazulen-4-ol (4),(6S)-patchoulan-4-ene-6-ol (5),(+)-5βH-eudesma-3,11-diene (6),β-sitosterol (7),(24R)-24-ethylcholest-4-en-3,6-dione (8),stigmast-4,22-dien-3-one (9),(24R)-24-ethyl-5α-cholestan-3β,5-diol-6-one (10),stigmasterol (11),stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (12),stigmasta-3,6-dione (13),stigmast-4-en-3-one (14),cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (15),methyl hexadecanoate (16),octacasanoic acid (17),3-nonyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (18) and methyl 9,10-dichlorostearate (19).All the compounds were isolated from C. papyrus for the first time.Compounds 1,2,3,5,6,10,12,13 and 16 could inhibit TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in plasmid transfected HEK293T cells with the IC50 values between 34.96 and 98.23 μM. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chemical constituents in Carpesium cernuum and their cytotoxic activity FENG Shu-hui, ZHANG Wei-qing, SUN Mao, GUO Hong-wei, SUN Gui-ping, ZHU Cheng-guang, WANG Tian-yuan, YAN Chen NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (3): 383-389.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.3.004 Abstract （822）      PDF（pc） （699KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save To study the chemical constituents of the medicinal plant Carpesium cernuum and their cytotoxic activity,ten compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction of 95% ethanol extract of C. cernuum by ap-plying various chromatographic techniques.Their structures were elucidated and identified as(5Z)-6-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-2-oxo-2,10,14-trimethylhexadeca-5,13-diene-11α-ol（1）,(2E,10E)-1,12-dihydroxy-18-acetoxy-3,7,15-trimethylhexadeca-2,10,14-triene（2）,(2E,6Z,10E,12R)-7-［(acetyloxy)methyl］-3,11,15-trimethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraene-1,12-diol（3）,(2E,6Z,11S,12R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,14-triene-7-[(acetyloxy)methyl］-1,12,19-triol（4）,plaunotol（5）,S-(+)-dehydrovomifoliol（6）,pubinernoid A（7）,stigmasterol (8),aurantiamide acetate (9),E-p-hydroxycinnamic acid (10) respectively，based on the spectral data.Compound 1 is a new compound.The cytotoxic effect of compounds 1-4 on Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell were investigated by MTT.Compound 2 exhibited strong cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 6.80 μmol/L,and compounds 1,3 and 4 had moderate cytotoxic activity. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with modified Guizhi Fuling Pill based on network pharmacology and experiment verification LIU Dan, CHEN Ya-fei, LIU Zhe-jun, TANG Tian, YU Shu-jun, LIU Gui-min, TANG Yi-bo, LIU Zhen-quan NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (7): 1234-1249.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.7.017 Abstract （821）      PDF（pc） （5407KB）（29）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the potential mechanism of modified Guizhi Fuling Pill (MGFP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by network pharmacology and molecular docking.Then,the BPH model rats were established to verify the key targets from molecular docking.First,the candidate components and target information of plant herbs in MGFP were determined through TCMSP and TCMID databases,while the animal drug Hirudo was determined through relevant literature.Then,the drug-candidate component-target network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.1.The potential targets of BPH were determined through GeneCards,OMIM,TTD,DisGeNET and DRUGBANK databases.The intersection targets of components and disease were selected and imported into STRING 11.0 platform,and PPI network diagram was constructed with Bisogenet 3.0.0 plug-in.Subsequently,Metascape platform and KOBAS 3.0 database were used to perform GO functional annotation,KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and network diagram drawing.Then,the core components and key targets with higher degree values in the network diagram were screened,which will be used for molecular docking in AutoDock 4.2.6 and PyMOL 2.2.0 software.Finally,BPH rat model was established by castration combined with subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate and intragastrical treatment.Then,according to the immunohistochemical results,the expression of BAX in the prostate tissue of rats in each group was observed.The results of network pharmacology analysis showed that a total of 133 candidate components of MGFP were screened out,of which quercetin,β-sitosterol,kaempferol,baicalein,and ellagic acid could act on BPH.The main targets were AKT1,BAX,BCL2,JUN,TGFB1,TNF,IL6,VEGFA and EGFR,which are mainly concentrated in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway to participate in the processes of apoptosis,angiogenesis,and inflammation.Molecular docking results showed that all core components and key targets could spontaneously bind,and BAX and β-sitosterol had the strongest binding capacity.Animal experiments showed that compared with the model group,the expression of BAX was significantly increased when the MGFP doses were 6.57,13.14 and 26.28 g/kg (P < 0.01).All these indicated that MGFP might mainly act on the target of BAX to treat BPH. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research advances on antibacterial peptides from Hermetia illucens WANG Qing, CHEN Jun, LI Xiao-xiao, HOU Mei-fang NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (11): 1982-1989.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.11.021 Abstract （812）      PDF（pc） （1585KB）（27）       Knowledge map    Save Hermetia illucens has become one of the most promising species in the insect resources research field,which is commonly used in feed additives process and organic waste treatment area.In recent years,it is found that antibacterial peptides produced by Hermetia illucens immune system have prospective application values due to the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against many kinds of microorganisms,including gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria and fungi.In order to improve the development and application of antibacterial peptides from Hermetia illucens,the molecular structure,antibacterial activity and mechanism,production preparation and application prospect were summarized in this paper,which may provide theoretical support and novel idea for the development and industrialization of high value-added products produced by Hermetia illucens. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Action mechanism of Lysimachiae Herba in the treatment of gout based on network pharmacology and molecular docking WANG Bai-ling , LUO Lun, GE Zhen-kai, QIU Jing-ran, WANG Yuan, HUANG Wan-jun, HAO Xin-cai, ZHAO Yong-heng, NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (5): 859-867.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.5.018 Abstract （800）      PDF（pc） （2554KB）（139）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the action mechanisms of Lysimachiae Herba for the treatment of gout disease,network pharmacology and molecular docking method were applied.Ingredients of Lysimachiae Herba and drug targets were detected and fished based on TCMSP,TCMID,ETCM,Sym-Map,BATMAN-TCM database,and the literature data from PubMed,CNKI,and WANFANGD database.The targets related to gout were searched based on GeneCards,TTD,OMIM,and DisGeNET database.The ingredients-gout-target targets were collected by matching ingredients -targets and disease-targets.The ingredients-targets network and protein interaction network (PPI) was drawn through the STRING database and Cytoscape software.The molecular docking was carried out to verify the results of network analysis.Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed by utilizing the CludterProfiler Software package of RStudio software.15 active ingredients，including quercetin,kaempferol,isorhamnetin,etc.,and 99 important targets,including IL6,AKT1,MAPK8,IL1B,JUN,MAPK1, VEGFA,CXCL8,PTGS2,EGF,MMP9,RELA,CCL2,etc.were fished out.Docking results showed that the predicted active ingredients had a good binding activity with the key targets.GO enrichment items were obtained,including the 1 999 biological process,137 molecular functions,and 55 cellular components.And 133 KEGG pathways were obtained,including the TNF signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,etc.The study revealed that Lysimachiae Herba may play therapeutic effect of gout disease through regulating multiple ingredients,multiple pathways,and multiple targets,which provide a basis for the further study of Lysimachiae Herba. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the potential targets and mechanism of Yueju pills in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking PENG Xiao-yuan, WANG Yue, BIAO Ya-ning, LI Yi-shui, WANG Yang, BU Jie, ZHANG Yi-xin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (增刊1): 127-136.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.S.015 Abstract （794）      PDF（pc） （2346KB）（42）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the possible mechanism of Yueju pills in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),the active components and potential targets of Yueju pills were screened by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.TCMSP database was used to screen the chemical composition information of each drug in Yueju pills and its target on human body.NAFLD target information was obtained by combining OMIM and GeneCardsand disease databases.The NAFLD targets were mapped to the predicted Chinese medicines targets to obtain the final targets of Yueju pills for the treatment of NAFLD.The potential targets were analyzed by GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis with DAVID platform,and the related pathways were analyzed combined with literatures.The network diagram of "Yueju pills-components-NAFLD targets-pathways" was constructed on Cytoscape 3.7.2 platform,the network topology analysis was carried out,and made the "PPI proteins interaction diagram"was made.PyMoL,Auto Docktools1.5.6 and Discovery Studio3.5 softwares was used to dock the target proteins with the small molecules of the key compounds to verify its therapeutic effect.The 31 active compounds,26 signaling pathways and 59 targets of Yueju pills in the treatment of NAFLD were obtained through network pharmacology analysis,the KEGG and literature analysis showed that Yueju pills can play a role by regulating many related pathways,such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,insulin resistance and so on.The molecular docking indicated that the key target protein NOS3 with 8-isopentenyl-kaempferol,and MAPK14 with isorhamnetin of YueJu pills had high binding energy.In summary,this study predicted the possible pharmacodynamic substance basis and action mechanism of Yueju pills in the treatment of NAFLD through network pharmacology,and verified it by molecular docking technology,which providing a new idea for further mining the pharmacodynamic components of Yueju pills and its clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the optimization of the preparation technology of Grdenia jasminoides flower extract and its antioxidant activity XU Zhen, MAO Chun-qin, GU Wei, MAO Jing, SU Lian-lin, LI Lin, PI Wen-xia, LU Tu-lin NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (10): 1720-1727.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.10.012 Abstract （793）      PDF（pc） （1048KB）（33）       Knowledge map    Save Gardenia jasminoides flower has a good prospect as a raw material for cosmetics,but its development is limited due to the lack of research on it.In this study,the supercritical CO2 extraction process of Gardenia jasminoides flower essential oil (GJFEO) and the ethanol ultrasonic extraction of Gardenia jasminoides flower flavonoids extract (GJFFE) in the residue were optimized through single factor investigation and orthogonal experiment.TheGardenia jasminoides flower compound extract (GJFCE) was then obtained by the mixture of GJFEO and GJFFE in proportion (mass ratio=1∶24).Afterwards,the antioxidant activities of GJFEO,GJFFE and GJFCE were investigated by cell experimentsin vitro.The results showed that the optimal extraction process for GJFEO was as follows:extraction temperature of 38 ℃,extraction pressure of 32 MPa,separation pressure of 12 MPa.The optimal extraction process for GJFFE was as follows:ethanol concentration of 50%,ratio of liquid to material of 25∶1,extraction twice,extraction time of 50 minutes.The three extracts had protective effects on HaCaT cells damaged by oxidation,and the antioxidant activity of GJFCE was better than that of GJFEO or GJFFE alone (P<0.001).This research provides technical support and theoretical basis for the deep processing of Gardenia jasminoides flower and its development in the field of cosmetics. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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GC-MS analysis of the differences in the chemical components of muskrat and musk SUN Fei-fei, ZHANG Zhen-ling, LIANG Di, YU Hai-ying, ZHENG Xu-ya, HUANG Ya-sen NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (10): 1643-1648.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.10.003 Abstract （783）      PDF（pc） （602KB）（29）       Knowledge map    Save To establish the analysis method for the chemical constituents of muskrat and musk,determine the content of cyclopentadecanone,and analyze the similarities and differences of chemical compositions of muskrat and musk.The chemical components were analyzed and the content of cyclopentadecanone was determined by GC-MS.The peak was identified by NIST standard mass spectrometry library and relevant literature,and the relative content of each chemical component was calculated by peak area normalization method.Fifty-eight chromatographic peaks were detected from muskrat and 23 compounds were identified,accounting for 90.38% of the total peak area.A total of 43 chromatographic peaks were detected in musk and 19 compounds were identified,accounting for 91.21% of the total peak area.Both contain 6 identical ingredients,including tetradecanoic acid,cyclopentadecanone,hexadecanoic acid,oleic acid,octadecanoic acid,and cholesterol.Muskrat and musk mainly contain cycloalkanones,fatty acids and steroidal compounds,which have certain similarities in composition types. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. LIU Wei#, ZHANG Yang-xing#, YANG Xin-zhou, OUYANG Yan, ZHAO Ping NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2021, 33 (12): 1991-1997.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2021.12.001 Abstract （775）      PDF（pc） （1296KB）（18）       Knowledge map    Save The aim of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism of the total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides(TASA) extracted from the aboveground part of S.alopecuroides on the hypoglycemic effect of L6 skeletal muscle cells.TASA was found to increase glucose uptake in L6 cells using glucose detection kit,and MTT results showed that TASA had no cytotoxicity on L6 cells.TASA could promote the translocation of GLUT4 by laser confocal microscopy.Western blot results showed that TASA could promote the expression of GLUT4 in L6 cells and enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK and PKC.These results suggested that TASA could promote the expression and transport of GLUT4 through AMPK and PKC signaling pathways,and then promote glucose uptake,suggesting that TASA may have the potential to be developed as a novel hypoglycemic drug. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the mechanism of Huangqisan in treating Alzheimer′s disease based on network pharmacology and experimental verification ZHANG Yun-hui , YANG Meng-lin, ZHOU Xiao-qing, WU Da-hua, LIU Xia, LI Xiang NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT    2022, 34 (12): 2119-2129.   DOI: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2022.12.016 Abstract （770）      PDF（pc） （2201KB）（10）       Knowledge map    Save To study the mechanism of Huangqisan in treating Alzheimer′s disease(AD) by network pharmacology.To search the active ingredients and corresponding targets of Huangqisan through the TCMSP databases,Then obtained the targets of AD through the DisGeNET and GeneCards database.Constructed protein interaction network map by String online database.At the same time GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of key targets were carried out by using R language.Induction of PC12 cell injury by adopted Aβ25-35 as AD cell model.Detection of cell viability by MTT assay.Observation of cell morphology and synaptic growth by microscope.Observation of Autophagosomes in PC12 cells by transmission electron microscopy.Detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) content by using Kits.Finally,ELISA and Western blot were used to verify the main biological processes and signaling pathways predicted by network pharmacology.A total of 44 active ingredients of Huangqisan were screened,134 corresponding targets,102 targets related to Alzheimer′s disease.The top 20 KEGG related signaling pathways and GO analysis of the top 20 biological processes.Cell experiments proved that Huangqisan effectively increased the survival rate and synaptic length of PC12 cells,effectively promoted Aβ25-35 induced PC12 cells autophagosome wrapped damaged mitochondria,reduced the content of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-18,TNF-α,reduced ROS level,increased LC3 II/I ratio,up-regulated PINK1,parkin,BDNF protein expression,down-regulated p62,NLRP3 protein expression.Huangqisan had a therapeutic effect on AD by activated PINK1/parkin pathway to promoted mitophagy and reduced ROS levels,thereby inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and improved synaptic plasticity. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）