To study the mechanism of olibanum on acute kidney injury (AKI) based on network pharmacology,and establish an in vitro model of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) according to the results.To search 223 drug targets through the TCMSP database and the Swiss Target Prediction database,then using the OMIM,DisGeNet,DrugBank and GeneCards database to collect 1 245 disease targets,72 drug-disease targets were obtained through the Venn diagram tool.Protein interaction PPI network was constructed by String database;GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed using DAVID database;Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the network diagram;Molecular docking was performed by Autodock.Involving Toll-like receptor、TNF、NF-kappa B and other signaling pathways.Based on this,the proliferation of HK-2 was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method,and the grouping was determined.The rate of cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33258 fluorescent staining,and the quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression of MAPK3 and PPARG mRNA.The experimental results showed that in CCK-8 experiment,compared with the model group,the cell viability in low,medium and high dose groups decreased gradually (P <0.05);Hoechst33258 experiment,ELISA experiment and Q-PCR experiment,compared with the model group,the cell apoptosis rate,the capacity of cellular inflammatory factors and the molecular weight and mRNA expression of MAPK3 and PPARG protein decreased significantly (P <0.05).In conclusion,olibanum has the characteristics of multi-target and multi-pathway,which provides a basis for the clinical application of this drug.