天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 944-956.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2025.5.015 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2025.5.015

• 开发研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

出芽短梗霉来源黑色素的发酵生产及其生物活性研究

黄秦娇1，李正龙1，舒 琳1，林 宇1,2，曾 伟1,3*   

  1. 1桂林医学院智能医学与生物技术学院；2广西高校分子医学工程重点实验室；3桂林医学院生物医药产业学院，桂林 541199
  • 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2025-05-26
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金目(32160546)；广西壮族自治区2023年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202310601046)

Study on fermentation production and bioactivity of melanin from Aureobasidium melanogenum

HUANG Qin-jiao1,LI Zheng-long1,SHU Lin1,LIN Yu1,2,ZENG Wei1,3*   

  1. 1School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology,Guilin Medical University;2Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Engineering,Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;3School of Biomedical Industry,Guilin Medical University,Guilin 541199,China
  • Online:2025-05-28 Published:2025-05-26

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摘要：

探究黑色素的微生物发酵生产工艺及其生物活性。本研究以出芽短梗霉（Aureobasidium melanogenum）GLA-1为生产菌株，利用单因素和正交实验优化黑色素的发酵生产工艺，采用碱溶醇沉法纯化黑色素，通过溶解性测试以及紫外-可见光谱初步表征黑色素，并研究黑色素的抗氧化、抗紫外辐射和抗菌活性。该菌株在优化的培养基和发酵条件下，其黑色素产量达到1.639±0.115 g/L，较优化前提高4倍。从发酵液中纯化的黑色素，被初步确定为真黑色素；其具有良好的抗氧化活性，当浓度为100 mg/L时，其对ABTS+、DPPH、羟基和超氧离子自由基的清除率分别为99.32%±0.07%、89.71%±0.47%、45.95%±1.36%和50.85%±4.01%。此外，该黑色素具有显著的抗紫外辐射活性；且对大肠杆菌具有良好的抑制活性，最适抑菌浓度为0.4 mg/mL；但是在所考察浓度范围内对金黄色葡萄球菌没有抑制活性。上述研究结果为出芽短梗霉来源黑色素的发酵生产及应用开发奠定了基础。

关键词:

出芽短梗霉, 黑色素, 发酵生产, 抗氧化, 抗紫外辐射, 抗菌

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the microbial fermentation technology and bioactivity of melanin. In this study, Aureobasidium melanogenum GLA-1 was used as the melanin-producing strain. The fermentation process for the production of melanin was optimized using single factor and orthogonal experiments. Melanin was purified by alkali-soluble alcohol precipitation and characterized by solubility test and UV-vis spectrum, and then the antioxidant, antiultraviolet radiation and antibacterial activities of melanin were also studied. The titer of melanin was 1.639±0.115 g/L under the optimal medium and fermentation conditions, which was 4 times higher than that before optimization. The melanin purified from the fermentation broth was preliminarily identified as eumelanin. When the concentration of melanin was 100 mg/L, the scavenging rate on ABTS+, DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide free radicals were 99.32%±0.07%, 89.71%±0.47%, 45.95%±1.36% and 50.85%±4.01%, respectively. The melanin has a very significant antiultraviolet radiation activity. Besides, the melanin had good inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, and the optimal inhibitory concentration was 0.4 mg/mL. However, there was no inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus in the concentration range examined. The above results provided some basic research data for the fermentation production and application of melanin from A. melanogenum.

Key words: Aureobasidium melanogenum, melanin, fermentative production, antioxidant, antiultraviolet radiation, antibacteria

中图分类号:  Q815

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