天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1186-1193.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2025.6.021 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2025.6.021

• 综述 • 上一篇    

中药及其有效成分调节免疫和造血微环境治疗再生障碍性贫血机制的研究进展

郭明鑫1,房文通2,胡志强1,闵 琳1*   

  1. 1江苏大学附属宜兴医院,宜兴 214200;2江苏省人民医院,南京 210000
  • 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-06-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(82204454);无锡市中医药管理局项目(ZBBY29)

Progress of the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and its main components in treating aplastic anemia by regulating immunity and hematopoietic microenvironment

GUO Ming-xin1, FANG Wen-tong2, HU Zhi-qiang1, MIN Lin1*   

  1. 1The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University,Yixing 214200,Jiangsu China;2Jiangsu Provincial People′s Hospital,Nanjing 210000,China
  • Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-06-25

摘要:

再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia,AA)的发病尚不完全清楚。T细胞免疫异常激活是AA的主要发病机制。树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)是一种特殊的抗原呈递细胞,在造血微环境中对T细胞免疫网络起着重要的调节作用。当DC的抗原呈递功能出现异常会影响T细胞的免疫功能,导致造血细胞被破坏,最终导致骨髓衰竭。中医药在治疗AA方面取得了显著的成效,为临床治疗AA提供了有益的思路和方法。许多中药及其有效成分具有良好的抗炎和免疫调节活性,其结构和靶点范围广、活性强、副作用小,可以避免化学药物的不良反应。从天然产物中寻找和开发免疫调节药物越来越受到人们的重视。因此,本文总结造血微环境与DC介导的T细胞免疫紊乱引起造血干细胞损伤机制,并总结中药及其活性成分对AA免疫调控的研究进展。

关键词: 再生障碍性贫血, 树突状细胞, T细胞, 造血微环境, 免疫, 中药

Abstract:

The pathogenesis of aplastic anemia (AA) is not completely clear.AA is primarily caused by abnormal T cell immune activation.Dendritic cell (DC) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play a crucial role in managing the balance of the T cell immunological network in the microenvironment.When the antigen presentation function of DC is aberrant,it will impact the immunological function of T cell,cause the loss of hematopoietic cells,and finally lead to bone marrow failure.Traditional Chinese medicine has achieved remarkable results in the treatment of AA,which provides useful ideas and methods for the clinical treatment of AA.Many Chinese traditional medicines and their active ingredients have good anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities and have the advantages of diverse structures and activities,wide targets,and small side effects,which can avoid the adverse reactions of chemical drugs at present.As a result,researchers are increasingly interested in discovering and developing immunomodulatory medicines derived from natural components.Therefore,this paper summarizes the mechanism of hematopoietic stem cell injury caused by T cell immune disorder mediated by hematopoietic microenvironment and DC and summarizes the research progress of AA immune regulation by traditional Chinese medicine and its active components.

Key words: aplastic anemia, dendritic cell, T cell, hematopoietic microenvironment, immune, traditional Chinese medicine

中图分类号:  R96