天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (增刊1): 58-67.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GC-MS的新鲜瓜蒌不同组织部位挥发性成分比较研究

潘年琼1,2,吴宸印1,2,杜成兴1,2,龙艳丽1,2,杨德志1,吴飞龙1,杨迺嘉1*   

  1. 1贵州省生物技术研究开发基地有限公司;2贵州省科晖检验检测研究院有限公司,贵阳 550002
  • 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑(2022)一般176号);贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项(黔科合服企[2023]012)

Comparative study on volatile components in different tissues of fresh Trichosanthes kirilowii by GC-MS 

PAN Nian-qiong1,2,Wu Chen-yin1,2,DU Cheng-xing1,2,LONG Yan-li1,2,YANG De-zhi1,WU Fei-long1,YANG Nai-jia1*   

  1. 1Guizhou Biotechnology Research and Development Base Co.,Ltd.;2Guizhou Kehui Inspection and Testing Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China
  • Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-09-22

摘要:

为明确新鲜瓜蒌不同组织部位的挥发性物质,本研究利用GC-MS技术测定了新鲜瓜蒌的果皮、籽、瓤、籽壳、籽仁5个部位的挥发性成分并进行分析比较。结果显示5个组织部位共分离鉴定到117个化合物,瓜蒌的果皮、籽、瓤分别含40、35、38个化合物且邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯的相对含量均是最高,分别占23.100%、7.806%、13.967%;籽壳与籽仁分别有67、57个化合物,相对含量最高的化合物为(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛,占各自挥发油组分的7.417%和22.937%。挥发物组分差异分析结果显示,烷类和酯类化合物是瓜蒌果皮、籽、瓤的主要挥发物组分,而籽壳中主要是烷类与醛类,籽仁中则以醛类化合物为主,相对高达75.075%。聚类分析发现5个组织部位中共有5个化合物,即正己醛、二十一烷、角鲨烯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯,而各部位间化合物种类差异较多,果皮、籽、瓤、籽壳、籽仁分别有6、2、3、19、29个独属该部位的化合物。对瓜蒌各组织部位挥发性成分的分析可以为瓜蒌的评价及精深开发奠定理论依据。

关键词: 瓜蒌, 挥发性成分, 不同组织部位, 挥发油, GC-MS

Abstract:

To elucidate the volatile compounds in different tissues of fresh Trichosanthes kirilowii,this study employed GC-MS technology to determine and comparatively analyze the volatile components in five tissue parts:pericarp,seed,pulp,seed coat,and seed kernel.The results showed that a total of 117 compounds were isolated and identified from the five tissue parts.The pericarp,seed,and pulp contained 40,35,and 38 compounds respectively,with diisobutyl phthalate exhibiting the highest relative abundance at 23.100%,7.806%,and 13.967% correspondingly.The seed coat and seed kernel contained 67 and 57 compounds, respectively. The compounds with the highest relative content were (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, accounting for 7.417% and 22.937% of their respective volatile oil components.Differential analysis of volatile components revealed that alkanes and esters constituted the major volatile fractions in pericarp,seed,and pulp,whereas the seed coat predominantly contained alkanes and aldehydes,and the seed kernel was dominated by aldehydes reaching 75.075%.Cluster analysis identified five common compounds across all tissues:n-hexanal,heneicosane,squalene,diisobutyl phthalate,and di-n-butyl phthalate.Significant interspecific variations were observed,with pericarp,seed,pulp,seed coat,and seed kernel containing 6,2,3,19,and 29 unique compounds respectively.The analysis of volatile components in different Trichosanthes kirilowii tissues provides theoretical foundation for its quality evaluation and comprehensive utilization.

Key words: Trichosanthes kirilowii, volatile components, different parts, volatile oil, GC-MS

中图分类号:  TS201.2