Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus is the dried bulbs of Alliurn macrostemon Bge.or Allium chinense G. Don. from the liliaceous plant.As a traditional chinese medicinal and edible product,the chemical components of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus mainly contain steroidal saponins,volatile oil,nitrogen compounds,fatty acids,polysaccharides and other components.The pharmacological activities of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus mainly focus on antispasmolysis,antihyperlipidemia, antiatherosclerosis,antibacterial, antioxidation,antitumor,antiplatelet aggregation,etc.In this paper,the chemical constituents,the pharmacological activities and the quality evaluation of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus were reviewed,in order to provide reference for further research,development and utilization of this herb.