To investigate the chemical constituents of the branches and leaves of Aphanamixis polystachya.Nine compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of A. polystachya by various column chromatography involving silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 gel,RP-C₁₈ and HPLC.Their structures were identified by chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses，and were elucidated as polystachyadione A (1),polystachyadione B (2),labd-13(E)-ene-8α,15-diol (3),labd-13(E)-ene-8α,15-yl acetate(4),1S,4S,5S,10R-4,10-guaianediol (5),oleanolic acid (6),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (7),caffeic acid (8) and α-monopalmitin (9),of which compounds 1 and 2 are new.Compounds 4,7,8 and 9 are obtained from this plant for the first time.The activity tests showed that compounds 1 and 2 have no significant inhibition against NO production.