Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds are the main byproduct of Z. bungeanum.At present,the researches of Z. bungeanum seeds mainly focus on lipid,and less researches on other chemical components.The chemical composition and nutrient composition of Z. bungeanum seeds from Jinyang,Hanyuan and Wudu were analyzed using chemical method and chromatographic technique to fully exploit nature resources.Results indicated that 92 volatile compounds and 28 non-volatile compounds were identified in three samples.The volatile components were mainly alcohols,carbonyls,esters,terpenes,of which only seven compounds were same components,and the non-volatile components were mainly phenols,alkaloids,fatty acids,coumarins,lignans,of which 18 compounds were same components.Meanwhile,the nutritional composition,including protein,oil and sugar,were analyzed in this paper.Through the systematic research of this paper,the material basis and research ideas were provided to further develop the edible and commercial value of Z. bungeanum seeds.