This study aims to analyze the chemical constituents of Psoraleae Fructus ethanol extract (PFE)and explore its mechanism of promoting melanin production.The chemical constituents of PFE were analyzed and identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology.Zebrafish was used to investigate the effects of PEF on the melanogenesis.The regulation effects of PFE,psoralen and isopsoralen on the mRNA expression of tyrosinase (Tyr),Tyr-related protein 1(Tyrp1) and Tyr-related protein 2(Tyrp2) in mouse melanoma cells (B16-F10) were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).A total of 47 compounds were identified in PFE extract,including 27 flavonoids,ten coumarins,eight monoterpenoids and two other compounds.Meanwhile,the Zebrafish experiment results showed that PFE could significantly increase the melanin level in zebrafish after 18 hpf (hours post fertilization).The results of qRT-PCR showed that compared with the control group,PFE could significantly increase the mRNA expression of Tyr and Tyrp2,while other groups exhibited up-regulation effects on the mRNA expression of Tyr,Tyrp1 and Tyrp2 in varying degrees.