To explore the effective ingredients and mechanism of Erchen decoction in treating hyperlipidemia,a high-fat diet was used to induce a rat model of hyperlipidemia,and the degree of the disease model was diagnosed by detecting biochemical indicators.Metabolomics was used to collect endogenous metabolite data.The massive metabolic data were screened and analyzed by chemometrics and statistical algorithms,and the obtained biomarkers were enriched and analyzed to construct a metabolic pathway map of hyperlipidemia.The interventional mechanism of Erchen detection on hyperlipidemic rats was elaborated by predicting the in vivo targets of action through network pharmacology techniques.Compared with the control group,the biochemical indicators of the model group rats showed significant changes,meeting the diagnostic criteria for hyperlipidemia.After drug intervention,the simvastatin positive group (20 mg/kg),Erchen decoction in low dose group (2 g/kg),Erchen decoction in medium dose group (4 g/kg),and Erchen decoction in high dose group (8 g/kg) all showed significant regression.Metabolomics research screened and identified 8 metabolites,namely 4,6-dihydroxyquinoline,imidazoline acetate ribose,L-citrulline,vitamin C,4-pyridyloxy acid,N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide,succinic acid,and cholesterol.The results of network pharmacology showed that various active ingredients in Erchen decoction may directly regulate lipoprotein lipase (LPL) through oleic acid,niacin,isorhamnetin,and crude glycyrrhizin M,thereby effectively intervened the development of hyperlipidemia.Erchen decoction has a good intervention effect on hyperlipidemia,and the regulation of LPL may be the mechanism of action in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.