天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (增刊1): 67-72.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2020.S.011

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海高原四种茶藨子属植物果实营养成分分析

邹林有1,2,3,4,胡娜1,3,王宁2,王洪伦1,3*   

  1. 1中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室 西北高原生物研究所,西宁 810008;2青海大学 省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁 810016;3青海省青藏高原特色生物资源研究重点实验室,西宁 810008;4中国科学院大学,北京 100049


  • 出版日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2020-07-20
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅项目(2017-ZJ-Y11) 

Analysis of the nutritional components in four species of Ribes fruit from Qinghai Plateau

ZOU Lin-you1,2,3,4,HU Na1,3,WANG Ning2,WANG Hong-lun1,3*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;2 State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;3 Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province,Xining 810008,China;4 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100046,China


  • Online:2020-06-28 Published:2020-07-20

摘要:

以青海高原茶藨子属植物为研究对象,采用常规方法测定分析了四种茶藨子果实中糖类、脂类、蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素和矿物质元素等营养成分的含量,以期为青海高原茶藨子植物资源开发及食用提供理论依据。结果表明,四种茶藨子果实中均含有较为丰富多种营养成分,但不同种之间的营养成分含量存在一定的差异。果实中均含有较高的糖分,特别是香茶藨子和黑加仑,含糖量达到10%以上。各种氨基酸的含量分布类似,均为谷氨酸最高,天门冬氨酸次之,半胱氨酸的含量最低。各种维生素在不同种茶藨子中也显示出相似性,均是β-胡萝卜素最高,维生素C次之,维生素K1最低;其中,β-胡萝卜素在狭果茶藨子中含量高达128.57 mg/100 g,维生素C在黑加仑中含量达49.80 mg/100 g。钾、钙、磷、铁等元素含量最丰富,其中最高的黑加仑钾的含量达到96.33 mg/100 g;矿物质非必须元素镉、汞的含量已临近或超出水果中重金属的极限标准。

关键词: 青海高原, 茶藨子果实, 营养成分

Abstract:

In this paper,the content of major nutrients,such as total sugar,crude fat,crude protein,amino acids,vitamins and mineral elements in four species of Ribes fruit from Qinghai Plateau were determined with general chemical methods,which would provide theoretical basis for the developing and eating of Ribes resources in Qinghai.The results showed that there were abundant nutrients in the four species of Ribes fruit,but also some differences among different species.The fruit contains high sugar content,especially in R.odoratum and R.nigrum,which were up to 10%.The content of glutamic acid was the highest,aspartic acid was the second,and cysteine was the lowest,which was similar in the different species of the amino acids content.For vitamins in different species,the highest was β-carotene,which reached 128.57 mg/100 g in R.stenocarpum,followed the vitamin C,which reached 49.80 mg/100 g in R.nigrum,and the lowest was vitamin K1.They were also rich in K,Ca,P and Fe,and the K content in R.nigrum could reach 96.33 mg/100 g,but the content of non-essential mineral elements,such as Cd and Hg,were close to or beyond the limit standard of heavy metal elements in fruits.

Key words: Qinghai Plateau, Ribes , fruit, nutritional components

中图分类号:  S789