In order to analyze and compare the chemical compositions and antioxidant activity in tender leaves of Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.Chang and N. forbesii de Boiss.and provide scientific basis for the development and utilization as a new resource of N. incisum and N. forbesii. Chemical compositions of the different original samples were compared using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MSMS),a Waters Acquity HSS-T3 column ( 2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm) was used for sample analysis.The mobile phase was consisted of 0.10% formic acid in water (A) andacetonitrile (B),and the flow rate was 0.30 mL/min.Electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source monitors positive and negative ions simultaneously,and primary and secondary mass spectrometry scans capture accurately relative molecular mass and fragment ion information of unknown components.Chemical composition was rapidly and accurately identified by comparing with standard samples,combining with literature and databases such as Chemical Book and Mass Bank.DPPH and ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging were used to examine the antioxidant activity in the tender leaves of N. incisumand N. forbesii.Then a total of 41 compounds were detected in tender leaves of N. incisum and N. forbesii, including 16 coumarins,6 flavonoids,5 organic acids,2 terpenes,1 alkaloid and 11 other compounds.And 38 chemical constituents were identified.Both N. incisum and N. forbesii tender leaves have antioxidant activity in vitro,and the antioxidant activity of N. incisum tender leaves is better than that of N. forbesii  tender leaves.This method can quickly and accurately identify the chemical components in the tender leaves of N. incisum and N. forbesii, and provide scientific basis for quality control,reasonable application and identification of genuine and fake products of N. incisum and N. forbesii.