The purpose of this study is to establish HPTLC fingerprint analysis method of Rosa rugosa and R. chinensis for the identification of both.The method adopts HPTLC technology,selects silica gel 60 HPTLC plate was adopted,ethyl acetate∶formic acid∶water (15∶1∶1) as developing agent.Visualization of the chromatogram was performed by spraying with 10% sulphuric acid-ethanol solution.The TLC chromatograms were measured at 366 nm.Fingerprint system solution software was used to establish fingerprint,and similarity evaluation,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were carried out.The results showed that R. rugosa and R. chinensis samples contained 9 and 11 common peaks respectively.The intraspecific similarity of R. rugosa samples ≥ 0.987,and that of R. chinensis≥ 0.982.The similarity between R. rugosa and R. chinensis was 0.520.Cluster analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis can distinguish R. rugosa from R. chinensis.The 11 differential substances were screened.The method established in this study is simple,reproducible and specific.It can provide a reference for the identification and quality evaluation of R. rugosa and R. chinensis.