Tea is one of the most popular health drinks in the world,with a variety of effective bioactive ingredients,including tea polyphenols,tea polysaccharides,tea pigments,tea saponins and other bioactive components,which contributes to human health.Intestinal tract is a complex and stable ecosystem,while intestinal microecology is closely associated to human health.Gut microbiota performs an important target for tea components to exert physiological regulation and health effects.Here,the progress on intervention and regulation mechanism of these tea components on gut microbiota and their effects on body health in recent years were reviewed.Tea ingredients exert their health benefits mainly by targeting on gut microbiota to regulate glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism,or relieve inflammation and intestinal damage,or alleviate mood and memory disorders,and regulate circadian rhythms.To clarify the internal mechanism of tea components regulating gut microbiota will provide a scientific basis for better utilization of tea products to improve intestinal microecology and promote human health.