Myocardial injury is a serious pathological consequence of cardiovascular disease and directly relating to high mortality rate. Various pathogenesis may cause myocardial injury, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, toxins and drugs, inflammatory effects, or various metabolic diseases. Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is believed to benefit Qi and blood, calm the mind, and strengthen the spleen and stomach. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs), existing in the cell wall of G. lucidum, are one of its effective components. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research focus on the myocardial protective effect of GLPs, but seldomly make a comprehensive exploration. This article introduces the effects of GLPs on alleviating ischemia-reperfusion injury, lowering blood sugar, eliminating free radicals in the body, lowering blood lipids, improving the effects of anti-cancer drugs and sepsis on myocardial injury. Multiple related studies in recent years have been reviewed, providing reference for the prevention and treatment of clinical myocardial injury patients and subsequent research.