Bufonis Venenum,as a precious traditional Chinese medicinal material,has a long medicinal history.With the continuous research,its unique drug advantages in anti-tumor have been found.Recently,numerous reports indicate that Bufonis Venenum and its preparations show good curative effect in the clinical treatment of tumors.It not only inhibits growth of tumors but also effectively improve the immunity of body.Meanwhile,Bufonis Venenum and its constituents have been considered very powerful in anti-tumors by a large number of in vivo and in vitro experimentations.This paper reviewed about the anti-tumor clinical application and mechanisms including inhibiting the proliferation,migration,invasion,inducing apoptosis,autophagy of tumor cells,as well as reversing multi-drug resistance of Bufonis Venenum and its preparations in the latest five years,so as to provide guidance for the further study of the anti-tumor mechanisms and clinical rational use of Bufonis Venenum.