Eleutheroside B (ELB) is a phenylpropanol glycoside isolated from the medicinal and edible plant Acanthopanax senticosus,and it is a highly promising natural product of traditional Chinese medicine.In recent years,ELB has attracted considerable attention from scholars due to its various biological activities.This article summarizes the biological activities and action mechanisms of ELB.ELB has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory,neuroprotective,anticancer,antidiabetic,organ-protective,and antiviral activities.Mechanistically,it involves multiple signal transduction pathways,including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4),nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2),nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K),and autophagy.In addition,we also summarize the extraction,separation and purification techniques of ELB.In summary,conducting a review of the biological activities,extraction,isolation and purification techniques of ELB may provide a foundation for new drug development based on ELB.