关键词: 莲子, 副产物, 淀粉, 提取, 性质

Abstract: Peel waste is a by-product from grinding endodemis of dry lotus seed.In the present study,the extraction conditions of starch from the protein-extracted residue of lotus seed peel waste were investigated.The microphotograph characters,gelatinization properties and crystallographic structure of this starch were analyzed.On the basis of single factor and orthogonal experiments,the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows:using 0.125 mol/L NaOH solution with a ratio of liquid to solid 8:1 (mL/g),extraction at 50 ℃ for 5.5 h.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of crude starch was 94.80%,in which starch and amylose content of the prepared crude starch sample were 88.64% and 34.97%,respectively.In addition,the starch granules were of mostly elliptic shape,possessed a size range of 326 μm and “C” XRD pattern.The initial gelatinization temperature,breakdown value and recovery value of RVA profile were 78.4 ℃,2172.00 mPa.s and 2025.00 mPa.s,respectively.These results indicated that the extracted starch had properties of easy gelatinization,good thermal stability and easy aging.

Key words: lotus seed, by-products, starch, extraction, characteristic