关键词: 两面针, 氯化两面针碱, 总生物碱, 半仿生提取, 渗漉

Abstract: Zanthoxylum nitidum powder was pretreated with cellulase (1:250) and pectinase (1:250) for 30 min in 4 times volume of disodium hydrogen phosphate-citric acid buffer (pH 5) at ambient temperature (≥30 ℃),and then extracted by semi-bionic (ultrasonic-wave assisted),percolation and reflux extraction methods.The extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test and in dynamic process,with extraction yields of nitidine chloride,total alkaloids and dry extract as evaluation indexes.The optimized conditions of different extraction methods were compared for their extraction performances.When the powder was extracted by ultrasonicwave (250 W) with 4 times volume of citric acid-triethylamine buffer (pH2.0,7.5 and 8.3,in 60% alcohol) for 15,12 and 9 min,the extraction yields of nitidine chloride,total alkaloids and dry extract was 2.52‰,2.15% and 16.14%,respectively.When the powder was percolated with 16 times volume of 60% (V/V) alcohol (5 g/L hydrochloric acid) at 10 mL/min (impregnated for 10 min at first),the three indexes were 2.30‰,2.18% and 14.86%.When the powder was refluxed with 6,5 and 4 times volume of 60%(V/V) alcohol (5 g/L hydrochloric acid) for 15,12 and 9 min,the three indexes were 2.46‰,2.36% and 15.37%.The semi-bionic coupled with ultrasonic-wave assisted extraction and percolation extraction,are more economic than reflux extraction.This study provides reference for industrial production.

Key words: Zanthoxylum nitidum, nitidine chloride, total alkaloids, semi-bionic extraction, percolation