Pistacia lentiscus L.is medicinal plant that belong to Pistacia of Anacardiaceae family.It shows that more than 100 compounds have been found from P. lentiscus,including phenolic acids,flavonoids and steroids. P. lentiscus and its active ingredients have anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial,anti-tumor and other pharmacological effects.This article systematically summarized the chemical constituents,pharmacological activities and application ofP. lentiscus,and provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of P. lentiscus.