The HPLC fingerprints and chemical pattern recognition were studied to evaluate the quality of Prionobelum qianensis Chen.The chromatographic separation was performed on a Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm).Methanol-0.1% acetic acid solution was used as mobile phase with gradient elution.The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm,the flow rate was 0.8 mL/min,the injection volume was 2 μL,and the column temperature was 25 ℃.The chemical pattern recognition of similarity evaluation,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares analysis were used to analyze and evaluate the quality of P. qianensis.A total of 22 common peaks were identified and demarcated by HPLC fingerprint,one of them was identified as tyrosine.The results about the chemical pattern recognition showed that the similarities of those fingerprints were between 0.739 and 0.957.Furthermore,the quality difference of those  P. qianensis was mainly caused by 5 common peaks according to the results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.In conclusion,the HPLC fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition provide of  P. qianensis established in this study is simple,reliable,reproducible,and specific,which provides a basis and reference for the quality control of  P. qianensis.