天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1994-2002.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2025.11.002 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2025.11.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

桑黄多糖通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体缓解急性痛风性关节炎的作用及机制研究

任  璐1†,王  沁2†,潘好莹1,范方舟1,施  锦1,李婷婷1*   

  1. 1上海健康医学院医学技术学院,上海 201318;2上海中医药大学研究生院,上海 201203
  • 出版日期:2025-11-27 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 基金资助:
    上海市东方英才青年项目;上海市科委"青年科技英才扬帆计划"(21YF1418900);上海健康医学院校级科研基金(SSF-23-05-002)

Effect and mechanism of Sanghuangporus sanghuang polysaccharides in alleviating acute gouty arthritis by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome

REN Lu1†,WANG Qin2†,PAN Hao-ying1,FAN Fang-zhou1,SHI Jin1,LI Ting-ting1*   

  1. 1The College of Medical Technology,Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science,Shanghai 201318,China;2Graduate School,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China
  • Online:2025-11-27 Published:2025-11-26

摘要:

初步探讨桑黄多糖(Sanghuangporus sanghuang polysaccharide,SHP)通过调控核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NOD -like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3,NLRP3)炎症小体缓解急性痛风性关节炎(acute gouty arthritis,AGA)的作用机制。通过水提醇沉结合凝胶层析法分离纯化获得SHP。运用高效液相色谱-紫外-示差折光-多角度激光联用系统、扫描电镜及离子交换色谱等技术,对其分子量分布及单糖组成进行表征。以雄性C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,通过注射单钠尿酸盐构建AGA小鼠模型,将小鼠随机分为6组:正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(别嘌呤醇,10 mg/kg)、SHP低剂量组(50 mg/kg)、中剂量组(150 mg/kg)和高剂量组(250 mg/kg),干预4周。结果显示,SHP为均一性多糖,重均分子量17.15 kDa,多糖含量75.14%,蛋白含量12.15%,主要由葡萄糖(41.62%)、半乳糖(27.48%)、岩藻糖(17.31%)和甘露糖(9.40%)等组成。SHP呈剂量依赖的模式显著减轻小鼠关节肿胀,改善滑膜组织病理损伤,并抑制炎性细胞浸润。免疫荧光和ELISA结果表明,SHP能够通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体活化,下调半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶-1(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1,Caspase-1)和白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)蛋白表达,同时显著降低肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、IL-6和IL-1β水平(高剂量组相较于模型组分别下降达84.28%、78.2%、78.4%,P<0.05),提示其可能通过调控NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β信号通路发挥抗炎作用。本研究系统评价了SHP对缓解AGA保护作用,初步揭示SHP通过靶向NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β信号通路而发挥抗AGA损伤的分子机制,为菌物药的开发提供新的思路。

关键词: 桑黄多糖, 急性痛风性关节炎, NLRP3炎症小体, 抗炎作用

Abstract:

This study preliminarily investigated the mechanism by which Sanghuangporus sanghuang polysaccharide (SHP) alleviates acute gouty arthritis (AGA) through regulating the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. SHP was isolated and purified by water extraction and alcohol precipitation combined with gel chromatography. Some techniques were used to characterize SHP, including high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection, refractive index detection, multi-angle laser light scattering (HPLC-UV-RI-MALLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ion exchange chromatography. These techniques were used to analyze its purity, molecular weight distribution, and monosaccharide composition. An AGA mouse model was established by injecting of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then randomly divided into six groups: normal control group, model group, positive control group (allopurinol, 10 mg/kg), SHP low-dose group (50 mg/kg), medium-dose group (150 mg/kg), and high-dose group (250 mg/kg), with an intervention period of 4 weeks. The results showed that SHP was a homogeneous polysaccharide. Its weight-average molecular weight was 17.15 kDa, polysaccharide content was 75.14%, protein content was 12.15%. It was mainly composed of glucose (41.62%), galactose (27.48%), fucose (17.31%), and mannose (9.40%). SHP significantly reduced joint swelling, improved synovial tissue pathological damage, and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in a dose-dependent manner. Immunofluorescence and ELISA results indicated that SHP inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, down-regulated the protein expression of cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and significantly reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-1β .The high-dose group showed decreases of 84.28%, 78.2%, and 78.4% compared with the model group, respectively (P<0.05), suggesting that it exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway. This study systematically evaluated the protective effect of SHP against AGA, preliminarily revealed the molecular mechanism by which SHP antagonizes AGA injury via targeting the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway, and provided new ideas for the development of fungal drugs.

Key words: Sanghuangporus sanghuang polysaccharides, acute gouty arthritis, NLRP3 inflammasome, anti-inflammatory effect

中图分类号:  R285.5