The chemical compositions in wild and cultivated fruiting body of Sanghuangporus vaninii were analyzed rapidly by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS).Waters Acouity UPLC BEH C₁₈ (100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm) chromatographic column and methanol with water (containing 0.1% formic acid) gradient elution were used to analyze the extracts sample.The ESI-MS negative molecular ion peaks,MS² product ions,retention time and together with the references were used to tentative identify the chemical constituents.The results indicated that 40 metabolites from wild and cultivated fruiting bodies of S. vaninii were identified,including 8 organic acids,3 catechins,20 pyranones and 9 flavonoids,of which 14 components in wild and cultivated fruiting body,14 unique components in wild and 12 unique components in cultivated fruiting body.The analysis results showed that pyranone phenolic compounds were presumed to be mainly active components in the fruiting body of S. vaninii. This method is rapid,sensitive,which can provide the reference for evaluation of the quality from S. vaninii.