In this study,we explored the mechanism of action and efficacy of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction (HQJZD) in treating peptic ulcer (PU) using network pharmacology analysis and animal experiments.The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was used to retrieve 110 active components of HQJZD and predict 943 targets.A total of 157 targets closely related to PU were retrieved from the disease databases TTD,OMIM,GAD,DrugBank and Pharm GKB.By using Cytoscape,417 specific targets for HQJZD for PU were identified.In GO and KEGG enrichment analyses,HQJZD may have a therapeutic role in regulating inflammatory reactions mediated by Toll-like receptors,NF-κB,JAK-STAT,MAPK and other factors.Based on HE staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and immunofluorescence staining of rats with PU spleen stomach deficiency cold syndrome,HQJZD at low and high doses could effectively repair pathological damage to gastric mucosa,significantly increase PGE₂ and NO levels (P < 0.01) and reduce TLR2 and p-NF-κB expression (P < 0.05).As a result,HQJZD treatment of PU has the characteristics of being multi-component,multi-channel,and multi-target therapies.The mechanism of its action may involve regulating PGE₂ and NO levels,as well as the NF-κB signaling pathway and the Toll like receptor signaling pathway.