To elucidate the chemical compositions and anti-inflammatory active substances of Miao medicine Indigofera stachyodes (I.stachyodes), an UPLC fingerprint method was established.Stoichiometry method was employed to analyze its components,then the effective anti-inflammatory targets of I.stachyodes was predicted via network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and its anti-inflammatory efficacy was further verified through in vitro cell experiments.The fingerprint spectrum of I.stachyodes integrated with chemical stoichiometry analysis displayed that a total of 28 common peaks were obtained,of which ten common peaks were identified.Vitexin,luteolin,hyperoside and baicalein were identified from I.stachyodes for the first time.Cluster analysis exhibited that I.stachyodes from different origins can be divided into three categories,and the results of principal component analysis is consistent with cluster analysis.Furthermore,in vitro cell assay exhibited that I.stachyodes from different origins with varying degrees of reparative effects.Network pharmacology studies demonstrated that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) were potential targets,and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance was considered one of the primary pathways for anti-inflammatory.Collectively,this study successfully developed the spectrum-effect relationship of I.stachyodes,in addition,the signaling pathways and key targets of I.stachyodes anti-inflammatory were elucidated in conjunction with network pharmacology.These results will provide a substantial basis for quality control and evaluation of I.stachyodes.