Abstract: To evaluate the antiMycobacterium tuberculosis activity of extractions from Fissistigma cavaleriei ethanol extract,and lay the foundation for the discovery of novel lead compounds.Fissistigma cavaleriei ethanol extracts were extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate respectively.The Modified LowensteinJensen Medium was used to evaluate the antiMycobacterium tuberculosis activity of the fraction.The active compounds were isolated from the activity of the fraction by silica gel column chromatography.We found the ethyl acetate fraction of Fissistigma cavaleriei ethanol extracts showed activity to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis,with the value of MIC less than 1 mg/mL.And the isolated compound 5hydroxymethylfuraldehyde had a strong inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis,with the value of MIC less than 160 μg/mL,it was isolated from the plant for the first time.

Key words: Fissistigma cavaleriei, Active fraction, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 5hydroxymethylfuraldehyde