关键词: 食药同源, 果蔬, 腐败菌, 抑菌

Abstract: In this paper,11 kinds of edible and medicinal plant extracts such as pepper,galangal,laiwuzi and tianma were used as materials to study,they were studied for the antimicrobial effect on common spoilage microorganisms in fruits and vegetables like Penicillium expansum, Alternaria alternata,Botrytis cinerea,Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. The results showed that pepper had the strongest inhibitory effect on P. expansum, A. alternata,B.cinerea,galangal and laiwuzi had certain inhibitory effects on P. expansum and  A. alternata.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of pepper to three molds were 25,25 and 50 mg/mL,and the minimum bactericidal concentrations were 50,100 and 100 mg/mL,respectively.Pepper had a significant inhibitory effect on spore germination of three molds,and the inhibition rate increases with the increase of extract concentration.The treatment of cherry tomato with pepper extract could significantly reduce the incidence of fruit and prolong the shelf life of the fruit.11 kinds of edible and medicinal plant extracts had poor antibacterial effect on E. coli.Galangal and gastrodia had outstanding antibacterial effects against S. aureus,could significantly inhibit the growth of S. aureus.The MICs of the two against S. aureus were 7.5 and 30 mg/mL,and the MBCs were 15 and 60 mg/mL,respectively.

Key words: edible and medicinal plant, fruits and vegetables, spoilage microorganisms, antimicrobial effect