For the first time,the chemical components of national geographical indication product Zingiber officinale Roscoe from Boai County,were systematically separated,so as to provide a basis for its material basis research,development and utilization.Its ethyl acetate fraction in 70% ethanol extract was repeatedly chromatographied on Silica gel column,ODS column and semi preparative HPLC to give compounds 1-12.By using of NMR analysis as well as the literatures,the 12 compounds were identified as (-)-muurola-4,11-diene (1),dibutyl phthalate (2),(2Z)-neral acetal-［6］-gingerdiol (3),6-gingerol (4),6-shogoal (5),8-shogoal (6),10-shogoal (7),10-gingerol (8),6-paradol (9),dihydroferulic acid ethyl ester (10),(3R,5S)-3,5-diacetoxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)decane (11),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (12).Among which,compounds 1,2,10 and 12 were firstly isolated from the plant of Zingiber genus,and compounds 1-4 and 6-12 were firstly isolated from Zingiber officinale Roscoe.The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1,3,6,7,9 and 11 were screened.The result showed that compounds 3,6,9 and 11 had obvious inhibitory effect on the NO production in LPS induced RAW 264.7 mouse monocyte macrophages.