天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 701-714.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2026.4.002 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2026.4.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于HPLC指纹图谱和化学模式识别结合多成分定量的茜草及其混淆品化学成分差异研究

江凯航1,2，张明童2，董洋利3，刘志浩2，刘东升2，张生杰2，李冬华2，马  潇1,2*   

  1. 1甘肃中医药大学，兰州 730000；2甘肃省药品检验研究院 国家中药材及饮片质量控制重点实验室 甘肃省中藏药检验检测技术工程实验室，兰州 730070；3德阳市食品药品安全监测中心，德阳 618000
  • 出版日期:2026-04-27 发布日期:2026-04-24
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划-中医药现代化专项（2023YFC3504105）；国家药监局注册司专项子项目（NIFDC-TCM2024-0206-003）；中药材及饮片质量控制重点实验室项目（2025GSMPA-KL06）；甘肃省中藏药质量标准的完善和修订（2025GSMPA001）

Chemical composition differences between Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants Based on HPLC fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition combined with multi-component quantification

JIANG Kai-hang1,2,ZHANG Ming-tong2,DONG Yang-li3,LIU Zhi-hao2,LIU Dong-sheng2,ZHANG Sheng-jie2,LI Dong-hua2,MA Xiao1,2*   

  1. 1Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;2Gansu Institute for Drug Control,National Key Laboratory of Quality Research on Chinese Herbal Medicines and Decoctions,Gansu Engineering Laboratory for Inspection and Testing Technology of Tibetan and Chinese Medicines,Lanzhou 730070,China;3Deyang Food and Drug Safety Monitoring Center,Deyang 618000,China
  • Online:2026-04-27 Published:2026-04-24

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摘要： 建立茜草及其混淆品（光茎茜草、大茜草、大叶茜草）高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹图谱和多成分定量测定方法，结合化学计量学对其进行质量评价。采用HPLC法建立茜草及其混淆品指纹图谱，并同时测定9个成分的含量，通过相似度分析、聚类分析及偏最小二乘判别分析，对茜草及其混淆品质量进行评价。茜草及其混淆品的指纹图谱均标定了18个共有峰，其中指认了9个成分。通过聚类分析、主成分分析和偏最小二乘法－判别分析等化学模式识别将61批样品分为3类，筛选出大叶茜草素、芦西定3-O-素草苷、6-羟基甲基茜草素、芦西定4个关键差异性成分。含量测定结果显示，茜草及其混淆品中的9个成分含量存在明显差异，在茜草中1-羟基-2-甲基蒽醌的含量最高；在光茎茜草中芦西定3-O-素草苷、芦西定、羟基茜草素和甲基异茜草素的含量最高；在大叶茜草中大叶茜草素的含量最高。建立的HPLC指纹图谱与多成分定量方法结合化学模式识别技术，可有效区分茜草及其混淆品，筛选出的标志性差异成分为茜草属植物的质量评价及种质资源开发提供了科学支撑。

关键词: 茜草, 光茎茜草, 大茜草, 大叶茜草, HPLC指纹图谱, 化学模式识别

Abstract:

This study aims to establish high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints and multi-component content determination method for Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants (Rubia wallichiana Decne.,R.magna P.G.Xsiao,R.schumanniana Pritz.),and evaluate its quality in combination with chemometrics method.The fingerprints of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants were analyzed by HPLC and the content of nine chemical components were determined.By means of similarity analysis,hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA),the quality of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants was evaluated.The fingerprints of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants identified 18 common peaks,among which nine components were characterized.Chemical pattern recognition methods including HCA,principal component analysis (PCA),and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) classified 61 batches of samples into three categories.Four key differential components,namely mollugin,lucidin 3-O-primveroside,6-hydroxymethylrubiadin,and lucidin,were screened out.There were significant differences in the contents of nine components between Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterants:1-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone had the highest content in Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma;lucidin 3-O-primveroside,lucidin,hydroxyalizarin,and methylisorubiadin showed the highest contents in R.wallichiana;the content of mollugin was highest in R.schumanniana.The established HPLC fingerprint combined with multi-component quantitative method and chemical pattern recognition technology can effectively distinguish Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma from its adulterants.The screened characteristic differential components provide scientific support for the quality evaluation and germplasm resource development of Rubia plants.

Key words:

中图分类号:  R931.6

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