关键词:

"> 肩周炎, 中医药, 信号通路, 炎症, 纤维化

Abstract:

Adhesive capsulitis is a chronic progressive disorder of the shoulder characterized by persistent pain and restricted joint mobility,which arises from a pathological progression from initial inflammatory responses to subsequent fibrotic changes. This process leads to thickening and contracture of the joint capsule,ultimately impairing shoulder function. Contemporary research has identified multiple signaling pathways,including nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) / SMADS, WNT/ β-catenin, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/ AKT), and Janus kinase/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/ STAT),as critical regulators of inflammation,fibroblast activation,and extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis in adhesive capsulitis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),guided by the principles of tonifying the liver and kidney,dispelling wind and dampness,and promoting blood circulation to unblock the meridians,exerts therapeutic effects through multi-target and multi-pathway modulation. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that TCM formulations such as the Cinnamomi Ramulus? Mori Ramulus,Xujin Jiegu Liquid,Huoluo Xiaoling Pill,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,and Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,alongside acupuncture,fire needle acupuncture,and meridian-unblocking techniques,can regulate NF-κB,TGF-β/ SMADS,and PI3K/ AKT signaling pathways. These interventions help to improve the local microenvironment,alleviate inflammatory responses,and slow the progression of fibrosis. Despite promising clinical outcomes,mechanistic understanding remains limited,with few systematic experimental studies exploring how these therapies precisely modulate molecular pathways. Integrating advanced approaches such as systems biology,network pharmacology,singlecell sequencing,and spatial transcriptomics could provide a comprehensive view of the dynamic regulatory networks underlying TCM interventions in adhesive capsulitis. Such insights may guide the development of targeted prevention strategies,personalized treatment regimens,and novel therapeutic agents for this debilitating condition.

Key words:

"> adhesive capsulitis, traditional Chinese medicine, signaling pathway, inflammation, fibrosis