天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 1903-1914.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2026.9.004 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2026.9.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

银杏叶多糖的制备、结构表征及对小鼠脾T 细胞活化的调节作用

梁红宝∗, 袁晓梅, 马腾茂, 刘晓庆, 许梦阳, 胡天笑   

  1. 山东中医药高等专科学校,烟台264199

  • 出版日期:2026-09-24 发布日期:2026-09-22
  • 基金资助:

    山东省中医药科技项目(Z20242118);烟台市自然科学基金重点项目( ZR2025Z052);烟台市科技创新发展计划(政策引导类)(2025YD018)

Preparation,structural characterization of Ginkgo biloba leaf polysaccharide and its regulatory effect on splenic T cell activation in mice

LIANG Hong-bao∗,YUAN Xiao-mei,MA Teng-mao,LIU Xiao-qing,XU Meng-yang,HU Tian-xiao   

  1. Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yantai 264199,China

  • Online:2026-09-24 Published:2026-09-22

摘要:

探究银杏(Ginkgo biloba)叶新型均一多糖的结构特征及其免疫调节活性。采用水提醇沉、离子交换层析、凝胶柱层析等方法对银杏叶粗多糖(Ginkgo biloba leaf polysaccharide,GBP)进行纯化,得到银杏叶均一多糖组分GBP3- 1;系统表征其理化性质与结构特征,并考察其对小鼠脾T 细胞活化的调节作用。结果显示,GBP31 多糖含量为86. 5% ,糖醛酸含量为26. 5% ,重均分子量为93 868. 17 Da,为多孔非晶态杂合型果胶多糖,主要由L 鼠李糖、D 半乳糖、 L 阿拉伯糖、D 半乳糖醛酸等组成,含I 型鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖(rhamnogalacturonan-I,RGI)结构域,并存在甲酯化与乙酰化修饰。体外实验表明,GBP31 在浓度≤500 μg/ mL 时未表现出明显细胞毒性,可显著促进刀豆蛋白A 诱导的 CD3 + CD69 + 、CD4 + CD69 + 、CD8 + CD69 + T 细胞活化,其中以100 μg/ mL 剂量效果最优,且活性显著优于同剂量 GBP。本研究为GBP3-1 在免疫调节相关产品开发中的应用提供了科学依据。

关键词:

"> 银杏叶, 多糖, 分离纯化, 结构表征, T 细胞活化, 免疫调节

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the structural characteristics and immunomodulatory activity of a novel homogeneous polysaccharide from Ginkgo biloba leaves. The crude G. biloba leaf polysaccharide (GBP) was purified by water extractionethanol precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography,yielding a homogeneous polysaccharide fraction designated GBP3-1. Its physicochemical properties and structural characteristics were systematically characterized,and its regulatory effect on mouse splenic T-cell activation was evaluated. The results showed that GBP3-1 had a polysaccharide content of 86. 5% ,a uronic acid content of 26. 5% ,and a weight-average molecular weight of 93 868. 17 Da. It was a porous,amorphous hybrid pectic polysaccharide mainly composed of L-rhamnose,D-galactose,L-arabinose and D-galacturonic acid,containing a rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) domain with methylation and acetylation modifications. In vitro experiments revealed that GBP3-1 exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity at concentrations ≤500 μg/ mL,and significantly promoted concanavalin A-induced activation of CD3 + CD69 + ,CD4 + CD69 + and CD8 + CD69 + T cells. The optimal effect was observed at 100 μg/ mL,and its activity was significantly superior to that of crude GBP at the same dosage. This study provides a scientific basis for the application of GBP3-1 in the development of immunomodulation-related products.

Key words:

"> Ginkgo biloba leaf, polysaccharide, isolation and purification, structural characterization, T cell activation, immunoregulation

中图分类号: 

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