The effective parts and molecular mechanism of Danggui Buxue decoction in anti-hemolytic anemia were studied with animal model and plasma metabolomics.Fifty-six male wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups:normal control group (NC),model group (MOD),positive control group (PC),and four Danggui Buxue decoction extract administration group,which included water extract group (WE),70% alcohol extract group (AE),water extraction and alcohol precipitation supernatant extract group (WASE) and water extraction and alcohol precipitation group (WEAP).The model group and each treatment group were subcutaneously injected with 2% acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) to establish a hemolytic anemia model.The anti-hemolytic anemia effect of treatment group was evaluated by measuring blood routine indexes and erythropoietin (EPO) content.The significant different metabolites between groups were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis,and their metabolic pathways were constructed.The levels of factors related to oxidative stress,inflammatory factors and hematopoietic regulation in serum of rats in each group were measured with kits.The comprehensive evaluation of pharmacodynamics showed that WASE group had the best anti-hemolytic anemia effect.Compared with the K group,6 metabolic pathways related to the metabolism of energy,amino acid,sugar and fatty acid were affected in the hemolytic anemia rat model,and these 6 metabolic pathways could be regulated in the WASE group.Compared with model group,except group PC,in the serum of other administration groups,the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were all significantly decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05),and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were all significantly increased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).However,the content of MDA (P< 0.01) and TNF-α (P < 0.01 or  P < 0.05) in serum of WASE group were significantly lower than those of other groups.All these showed that WASE group has the best effect for hemolytic anemia,which mainly regulated the body′s energy metabolism,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and hematopoietic cell function by affecting six metabolic pathways,and improved the metabolic disorders of hemolytic anemia model rats,so as to treat hemolytic anemia.