Brassica rapa L.,a biennial herbaceous plant of the genus Brassica in the Brassicaceae family that is extensively cultivated and consumed,has attracted widespread attention for its rich chemical components and diverse pharmacological activities.This review provides a comprehensive overview of B. rapa′s bioactive compounds and their pharmacological activities.Studies have demonstrated that B. rapa contains various bioactive compounds including glucosinolates,isothiocyanates,phenolic compounds,polysaccharides,and organic acids,which contribute to its diverse pharmacological effects,such as antibacterial,anticancer,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antidiabetic,and renal-protective activities.By synthesizing current research,this review aims to provide a scientific basis for the further development and application of B. rapa′s bioactive compounds.