天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 435-442.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2026.2.020 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2026.2.020

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

灵芝多糖作为佐剂在黏膜免疫中的应用研究进展

翟  哲1,2,3,4,5，陶玲玲2,3,4,5,6，刘旭菡2,3,4,5*，程永现1,2,3,4,5*
  

  1. 1河南中医药大学药学院，郑州 450046；2广东省中药有效成分与肠道微生物组学重点实验室；3深圳大学中医药守正创新研究院；4深圳大学马歇尔生物医学工程实验室；5深圳大学医学部药学院，深圳 518055；6云南中医药大学基础医学院，昆明 650500
  • 出版日期:2026-02-26 发布日期:2026-02-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（82030115）；广东省基础与应用基础研究粤深联合基金（2023A1515110428）；深圳市医学研究专项（D2401001）

Research progress on the application of Ganoderma polysaccharides as adjuvants in mucosal immunity

ZHAI Zhe1,2,3,4,5,TAO Ling-ling2,3,4,5,6,LIU Xu-han2,3,4,5*,CHENG Yong-xian1,2,3,4,5*   

  1. 1School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics;3Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen University;4Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen University;5School of Pharmacy,Shenzhen University Medical School,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518055,China;6School of Basic Medical Sciences of Yunnan University of CM,Kunming 650500,China
  • Online:2026-02-26 Published:2026-02-25

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摘要：

黏膜免疫反应迅速，具有局部和全身免疫优势，是防控疾病感染的关键。灵芝多糖包括β-（1→3）、β-（1→6）糖苷键构型及三螺旋三维构象，具有免疫增强活性，作为佐剂具有极大应用潜力，但在黏膜免疫中报道较少。本文通过知网、PubMed等数据库依据“灵芝多糖”“黏膜”“免疫佐剂”等关键词对近20年的相关文献进行了检索，阐述了黏膜免疫系统的组成和灵芝多糖对抗原呈递细胞、淋巴细胞等的激活效应，明确了其在肠、口腔等黏膜部位的免疫效应与机制，及其与纳米技术结合的应用前景，旨在为灵芝多糖在黏膜免疫上的研究提供借鉴。

关键词: 灵芝, 灵芝多糖, 黏膜免疫, 免疫佐剂

Abstract:

 Mucosal immune responses are rapid and offer both local and systemic immunological advantages, making them crucial for disease prevention. Ganoderma polysaccharides (GPs), which include β-(1→3) and β-(1→6) glycosidic bond configurations and triple-helix three-dimensional structures, possess immunoenhancing activities and hold significant potential as adjuvants, yet their application in mucosal immunity has been less reported. This study systematically reviewed the literature from the past 20 years using databases such as CNKI and PubMed, with key words including “Ganoderma polysaccharides”, “mucosal”, and “immunoadjuvant”. The composition of the mucosal immune system and the activation effects of GPs on antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes were examined, clarifying the immunological effects and mechanisms of GPs as adjuvants across various mucosal sites, including the intestine, oral cavity, stomach, and nasal passages. Additionally, the potential applications of GPs in combination with nanotechnology were discussed. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for further research and application of GPs in mucosal immunity.

Key words: Ganoderma, Ganoderma polysaccharides, mucosal immunity, immunoadjuvant

中图分类号:  R392

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