天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1595-1605.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2026.7.021 cstr: 32307.14.1001-6880.2026.7.021

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三萜类化合物改善糖尿病并发症的研究进展

宋丽珍1,2,罗亚萍1,2,刘杏清2,董  琦2*   

  1. 1青海大学药学院,西宁 810016;2中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁 810008
  • 出版日期:2026-07-24 发布日期:2026-07-23
  • 基金资助:
    青海省应用基础研究计划(2023-ZJ-760)

Research progress on triterpenoids in improving diabetic complications

SONG Li-zhen1,2,LUO Ya-ping1,2,LIU Xing-qing2,DONG Qi2*   

  1. 1School of Pharmacy,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;2Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China
  • Online:2026-07-24 Published:2026-07-23

摘要: 糖尿病并发症是导致患者致残和死亡的重要原因,现有临床治疗虽可延缓疾病进展,但长期用药不良反应与靶点单一等问题仍限制其防治效果。三萜类化合物因具有多靶点调控特征,在改善糖尿病并发症方面显示出良好应用潜力。本文在简要概述三萜类化合物基本结构特征的基础上,重点探讨其在糖尿病肾病、神经病变、视网膜病变及心血管疾病中的具体应用。阐述三萜类化合物通过改善糖脂代谢紊乱与胰岛素抵抗、减轻高糖诱导的氧化应激和炎症反应等多重机制干预糖尿病并发症的研究进展,同时梳理相关研究成果,对当前研究存在的局限性展开讨论,并对三萜类化合物在该领域的未来发展进行展望,为进一步研究和临床应用提供有价值的参考依据。

关键词: 三萜类化合物, 糖尿病, 糖尿病并发症, 氧化应激, 炎症反应

Abstract:

Diabetic complications are important causes of disability and death in patients.Although current clinical treatments can delay disease progression,problems such as adverse reactions associated with long-term medication and single therapeutic targets still limit their preventive and therapeutic effects.Triterpenoids have exhibited promising application potential in ameliorating diabetic complications due to their characteristics of multi-target regulation.On the basis of briefly summarizing the basic structural features of triterpenoids,this paper focuses on investigating their specific applications in diabetic nephropathy,neuropathy,retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases.It elaborates on the research progress of triterpenoids in intervening in diabetic complications through multiple mechanisms,including improving glycolipid metabolic disorders and insulin resistance,and alleviating hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.Meanwhile,this paper collates relevant research findings,discusses the limitations of existing studies,and prospects the future development of triterpenoids in this field,thereby providing valuable references for further research and clinical applications.

Key words: triterpenoids, diabetes, diabetic complications, oxidative stress, inflammatory response

中图分类号:  R285