To study the chemical constituents and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Rhododendron minutiflorum.Nine compounds were isolated and purified from the 95% ethanol extract of R. minutiflorum by repeated column chromatography such as silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS and HPLC.These chemical structures were identified as rhodominutinan A (1),rhodominutinan B (2),3,4-di(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl) tetrahydrofuran (3),venkatasin (4),methyl orsellinate (5),ethyl orsellinate (6),methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (7),apigenin (8),kaempferol (9) by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with literatures reported.In addition,compounds 1 and 2 are new lignans,and 3-9 are isolated from the R. minutiflorum for the first time.The in vitro hypoglycemic activity of the obtained compounds was evaluated by the α-glucosidase inhibitor screening method.The results showed that compounds 8 and 9 display moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values of 57.51±6.35,54.70±3.67 μM,respectively.