To provide the fingerprint of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix,and the contents of four iridoid glycosides by a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single (QAMS) were established.QAMS was established for the determinations of the other three iridoid glycosides with gentiopicroside as the internal reference by UPLC,and compared with the results of external standard method to determine the accuracy of the method.Fifteen common peaks were marked in the fingerprints of 25 batches of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix,and four iridoid glycosides were identified.The fingerprint similarities of the 25 batches of samples were above 0.90.The average relative correction factors of loganin,gentiopicroside and sweroside were calculated with values of 0.966,1.331 and 1.047,respectively.There was no significant difference in the content of the components measured by QAMS and external standard method.The established qualitative and quantitative methods are simple,rapid and cost-effective.The UPLC fingerprints of this article can be used for the qualitative evaluation of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix rapidly.The first established QAMS for multiple components of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix can be used for the quantitative evaluation simply and rapidly,and providing a reference for the quality control and evaluation of this herb.